BIO 1150 1st Edition Lecture 10Topic Discussed: Endocrine System and HormonesChemical signaling- Endocrine- enters general circulation (long distance)- Paracrine- nearby cells- Autocrine- influences itself (local)Synaptic signaling- paracrineNeuroendocrine- cells receive neuron signals and secrete signalsPheromones – one organism releases hormones through the air and reaches the second organismHormones provide communication mechanisms in feedback loop hormones can signal various pathwaysTissues that secrete hormones are endocrine tissues- Ductless glands and special cells- Hormones travel through the bloodstream and bind to specific receptors on target cellsTypes of Hormones- classified by chemical structure- Steroid hormoneo Synthesized from cholesterol (lipid)o Lipid soluable, can pass through cell membranes- Peptide/Protein hormoneso Derived from amino acidso Lipid insoluableo Quicker effects than steroid hormones- Prostaglandins and relativeso Derived from membrane lipidsSynthetic anabolic steroids- Adrenal gland- secretes adrenalineProstaglandins- include CyclooxygenaseNSAID- non-steroidanti-inflammatory drugs (apirin)Hormones circulate in blood at low concentrationsCirculating hormone concentration determined by balance between hormone release/removal- Hormone removal- metabolism in liver or excretion in the urine- Hormone release community- negative feedback system- Some hormones released in rhythmic patternsHormones are regulators – not consumed- Lipid soluable (steroid hormone)- Gets picked up by receptor- Goes into nucleus, turns of genes in DNAWater soluable peptide hormone- Epinephrine-next to kidney- Binds to receptor (doesn’t enter cell)- Triggers G protein receptor- Order of Action- Receptor, G protein, GTP, adenylyl cyclase, 2nd messenger (cAMP)1 hormone= multiple effectsAntidiuretic- vasopressin- increases blood pressure1 receptor= lots of different physiological
View Full Document
Unlocking...