BIO 1150 1st Edition Lecture 9 Current LectureRespiration happens at a cellular and organismal level- Gas exchange happens on various surfaces- An animal may have more than one gas exchange surfaceo Ie. Gills, lungs, skin- Surface area and gas exchange amount are related - High metabolism=high gas exchange surface area- Ventilation- putting oxygen in contact with respiratory exchange surface- For fish- open mouth, water flows through gills- Human- ribs expand/inhale, then ribs compress/exhaleo V₁P₁=V₂P₂Negative pressure breathing (humans) -suction breathingPositive pressure ventilation (frog) - throat contracts, then air is forced into lungs Gas Exchange- Occurs by diffusion- Driving force – partial pressure gradientPartial Pressure of gas A= (total pressure)(fractional contribution Gas A)- Air= 78% Nitrogen and 21% OxygenThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- P = P(total) x %Aₐ- Air in lungs is mixed with “used” air and with water vapor- Tissues use oxygen, blood goes to heart oxygen depleted- Gas partial pressure can potentially equilibrate across the gas exchange surface- VQ- flow of blood and ventilation of airInsect tracheal systems- don’t use blood for circulation- Have gas filled tubes (at a cellular level)Mammals- gas exchange in liquid bloodOxygen- not very soluable in water- Air- Oxygen pressure= 100 mmHg; Oxygen= 130 mL Oxygen/ L air- Water- Oxygen pressure= 100 mmHg; Oxygen= 3 mL Oxygen/ L airTransport of Oxygen in Blood- Dissolved oxygen in plasma= 3mL/L at 100 mm Hg- Max cardio output= 25 L/min- Max delivery of dissolved oxygen= 3 mL/L x 25 L/min = 75 mL Oxygen/ minRed blood cells provide a means of carrying oxygen, in addition to oxygen dissolved in plasmaHemoglobin- 4 Iron molecules each (Iron is why blood is red)- Can potentially hold 4 oxygen molecules- Respiratory pigments- oxygen binding to metal, causes color- Hemocyan- protein base with metal that binds oxygenMitochondria- uses a lot of oxygen- Tissues- oxygen comes off of hemoglobinLungs- oxygen comes onto
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