PSY 2013 1st Edition Lecture 17Outline of Last LectureIII. Categories of Disorders (continued)F. Schizophrenic Spectrum DisordersG. Personality DisordersOutline of Current LectureIII. Categories of Disorders (continued)G. Personality Disorders (continued)IV. Other CategoriesV. Possible CausesTherapyI. Types of PsychologyII. Types of TherapyA. PsychotherapyB. Biomedical TherapyCurrent LectureIII. Categories of Disorders (continued)G. Personality Disorders- Antisocial Personality Disorder – This does NOT mean unsocial; it means they don’t care about other people, no empathy (Psychopaths)o Crime 1% of people in society are psychopaths, but 70% of the people in jail are psychopaths One kind of criminalis the kind that have little regard for health and safety, violate others with no empathy.Example:If they like your shoes, they will shoot you and take your shoes and not care. Another kind are the ones that seem normal on the surface; they are smooth, charming, intelligent, intently patient, often wealthy, and predatoryExample:In class, we talked about a man who dated a woman for 10 years, they finally got married, and he nearly beat her to death These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.the night before leaving for their honeymoon. He waited for her tobe his victim (intently patient). This is unlike the aforementioned criminal who will kill anyone with little planning. These kinds oftentorture their victims before killing them (or they escape), as opposed to the previous which will probably kill quickly. Corporations can be psychopaths as well.o Insanity Pleas Insanity is a legal status, NOT a psychological condition. By definition, it means that at the time of the crime, they were unable to form intent for their actions.o Involuntary Commitment If a defendant pleas insanity or it is determined that the crime was committed due to mental illness, they are not set free. Instead of going to jail, they will be sent to psychological treatment facility. Post-partum depression – depression after a woman has a baby due to crazy hormones. Extreme cases are called post-partum psychosis, where the woman cannot control herself and harms herself, the baby, and/or others. Both of these are almost entirely unpredictable (probability is unaffected by number of kids, length of pregnancy, and genetics). Example:A woman calls 9-1-1 and says, “My baby is bleeding.” Theoperator responds with, “Why is your baby bleeding, ma’am?” Thewoman says, “Because I cut off his arms and legs,” and hangs up the phone. It was later found that she did it because she was convinced the baby was possessed by Satan. This is post-partum psychosis.IV. Other Categories- Eating Disorderso Bulimia – binge eating followed by purging or long periods of not eatingo Anorexia – starvation, abnormally low body weight- Sleep Disorderso Insomnia – difficulty falling asleep and/or staying asleepo Narcolepsy – little to no control of sleep-wake cycles- Dissociative Disorderso Multiple Personality Disorder – aka Dissociative Identity Disorder; a person’s identity is confused or fragmentedo Dissociative Fugue – a person, without warning, leaves to travel far away from work, family, etc. (leaves behind their life.)- Neurocognitive Disorderso Alzheimer’s – destroys memory and thinking skillso Dementia – general term for a decline in mental ability- Sexual Dysfunctionso Paraphilia – intense arousal to atypical objects, situations, etc.o Pedophilia – adult experiences sexual attraction to a prepubescent childV. Possible Causes- Genetics- Brain Damage- Societal- Cultural (Ex. Asian cultures’ strict parenting norms lead to OCD)TherapyI. Types of Psychology- Clinical – therapists- Counseling – school counselor- School – NOT a counselor, these are the people that test for Special Education, help after traumatic events, etc.- Experimental – researchers, professors, etc.- Psychiatrist – therapists that can prescribe medicine, doctorsII. Types of TherapyA. Psychotherapy – counseling, talk therapy- Psychoanalysis (Freud)- Psychodynamic: lay on a couch and talk about feelings, analyze every word/pause/tone- Humanistic: touchy-feely, “How does that make you feel?”- Behavior Therapyo Classical – expose them to the thing they don’t like Systematic desensitization – removing the fear by forcing them to deal with the fear Aversion therapy – attempting to stop a behavior by associating it with an unpleasant stimuluso Operant (Token Economy) – increase desirable behavior- Cognitive Behavior Therapyo Changing the way the patient thinkso Replace irrational thoughts with rational onesExample:For depression patients, when they start thinking negative thoughts, they are taught to say, “Stop,” meaning stop thinking this way. Eventually it becomes internalized and is not required vocally.B. Biomedical – doctors, medicines- Psychopharmacologyo Antipsychotic Drugs Tardive dyskinesia – involves involuntary movements Clozapine, Risperdal, Zyprexao Antidepressants Selective-Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) Zoloft, Prozac, Paxilo Mood Stabilizers Lithium Anticonvulsantso Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) – shocking (strangely effective with depression) Causes short-term memory loss temporarily Painful, but the patient doesn’t remember ito Psychosurgery – taking out parts of the