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A-State PSY 2013 - Models
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PSY 2013 1st Edition Lecture 16Outline of Last Lecture Personality – Trait modelsI. Personality – Trait modelsII. Trait AssessmentIII. Social-Cognitive PerspectiveIV. Personal ControlV. SelfPsychological DisordersI. What justifies a psychological disorder?Outline of Current LectureII. ModelsA. Historical ModelsB. Medical ModelC. Biopsychosocial ModelD. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersIII. Categories of DisordersA. AnxietyB. Obsessive-Compulsive DisordersC. Stress and Trauma DisordersD. Depressive DisordersE. Bipolar DisorderCurrent LectureII. ModelsA. Historical Model - In earlier times, possession was believed to be the cause of mental disorders- The only treatment was to “beat the hell out of them” (get it?) or kill them if this does not workB. Medical Model- Disorders were treated as diseases, therefore treatment was medicationC. Biopsychosocial Model- All psychological disorders are a combination of the biology, mind, and environment, and therefore must be treated across all three areasD. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Fifth edition (DSM-V) published May 2013- Lists every official disorder (only disorders, not treatments)III. Categories of DisordersA. Anxiety- Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)o Constantly worriedo Jittery, bite nails, wring hands, sympathetic nervous system always activated (so they’re exhausted)- Panic Disorder o Unpredictable panic attackso Panic attacks – heart racing, can’t breathe, fear of deatho Sometimes associated with GAD- Phobiao Irrational, specific fearo Agoraphobia – fear of public places (these people won’t even come out oftheir homes for literally years)B. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders- Obsessive-Compulsive Disordero Obsessions – repeated unwanted thought that cause anxietyo Compulsions – behaviors done to relieve the anxiety caused by obsessionso These people are aware what they are doing is crazy and irrational. This isdifferent from OCPD, which we will discuss in the next lectureExample:A video was shown in class. I do not have the video, but if you search “El Camino OCD,” the video from A&E TV is the first result.- Hoarding Disordero These people throw NOTHING away.o Obsession: The belief that they might need it in the futureo Compulsion: Everything is saved for the futureo Deep depression is often associated with this- Trichotillomania – hair pulling- Excoriation – skin pullingC. Stress and Trauma Disorders- Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)o Previously “shell shock”o While most people think of discharged service members when they think of this disorder, only 55% of military personnel will suffer from PTSD. The number one group of people that suffer from PTSD are rape victims (95%).- Acute Stress Disorder – short-term PTSDD. Depressive Disorder- Major Depressive Disordero Individual with sad or depressed moodo Cannot leave bedo Anhedonia – inability to experience pleasure- Dysthymic Disordero These people can get out of bed, but they have a negative view on everything, no excitement (think of Eeyore)E. Bipolar Disorder- Bipolar Disordero These people alternate between periods of depression and periods of mania (about 10 days each) Manic episode – seems as if the person is on cocaine, highly creative The higher the manic phase, the lower the depression phase Bipolar people are more likely to commit suicide than depressed people.- Depressed people don’t have the energy to commit the act, because that requires getting out of bed.- Bipolar people are most likely to commit suicide when coming out of a depressed phase. (They are still depressed,but they are beginning to get their energy back.) - This is why commercials for depression medication say “may cause suicidal thoughts or actions.” The medicines imitate coming out of a bipolar low point (by giving the depressed person energy).o Bipolar people don’t like to take medicine (Lithium)o Flight of ideas (they make connections where most people don’t) Their sentences make no sense to most people. - Cyclothymic Disordero Milder version of bipolaro Wavering mood, not as man problemso Most do not seek treatmentSuicide Myths:-DO NOT tell someone to commit suicide. Even if they aren’t serious andare only seeking attention, it is a cry for help with something either way. Your approval, even if only a joke, could push them over the edge.-Females are more likely to attempt suicide, but males are more likely to succeed. (This is because females try methods that can be reversed such as cutting or over-dosing. Males use guns or jump off


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