BIOl 152 1st Edition Lecture22Outline of Last Lecture I. Non-specific barriersII. Acquired/Adaptive barriersIII. Humeral immune responseIV. Cell mediated immune responseOutline of Current Lecture I. CtenophoresII. BilateriansIII. DeuterostomasIV. ProtostomesCurrent LectureI. Ctenophores The Ctenophores ("comb bearers”) include several different species of sea walnuts and comb jellies. These species are exclusively marine species and are carnivores; they possess radial symmetry around a central axis. They contain cilia on their bodies that facilitate movement. The Ctenophores are triploblastic, meaning that they contain an ectoderm, an endoderm and a mesoderm for their germ layers.II. Bilaterians The Bilaterians have bilateral symmetry, meaning that there is one place on the body that divides the body in half into two mirror images of each other. The species in this phylum contain cephalization, an anterior concentration of nerves and receptors. An example of thiswould be eyes or antennas as receptors that relay information to the brain. These species are triploblastic. Derivatives of the mesoderm are muscles, gonads, and coelom lining. The osmoregulartory/ excretory organs are niphridia like the kidney in humans.III. Deuterostomas The Deuterostomas are taxa that belong to the Bilaterians. Species belonging to these taxa have radial cleavage, which is indeterminate and is first noticeable at the eight-cell stage. The archenteron out folds and pinches off forming coelom lined by the mesoderm, this is known as entercoely. The anus forms at the blastomere.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.IV. Protostomes Protostomes means “first mouth”, and refers to the formation of the mouth opening. These species have spiral cleavage, which is determinate. A solid block of mesoderm hollows out to form the coelom, this is known as
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