BIOl 152 1st Edition Lecture 17 Outline of Last Lecture I Synapses II Nervous System Organization III Muscle Tissue IV Contraction Sequence Outline of Current Lecture I Bulk vascular system II Vertebrate vascular system III Heart contractions IV Blood composition Current Lecture I Bulk vascular system The bulk vascular system uses bulk flow to transport oxygen nutrients and waste throughout the organism The bulk vascular system requires that there be enough pressure to support the diffusion of substances along long distances The bulk vascular system found in invertebrates includes a one chamber heart where blood travels away from the heart and is flowed back through another sinus II Vertebrate vascular system The vertebrate vascular system includes a two or four chambered heart and is more complex than the invertebrate system This system includes an atrium which receives blood and sends it to the ventricle which in turn pumps it to respiratory system and other organs A single loop system commonly found in fish occurs where the organism has a two chambered heart and blood is pumped out in one area and pumped in on the other side Amphibians reptiles and mammals have double circulation with a pulmonary circuit and a systematic circuit III Heart contractions A systole is the contraction of heart and a diastole is the relaxation of the heart The senatorial node and an atrioventricular node are pacemaker that is specialized muscle capable of generating an action potential and sets the contraction rhythm for the heart These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute IV Blood composition Blood is composed of plasma glucose ions enzymes antibodies hormones gasses and waste Blood contains red and white blood cells that are made up in the bone marrow An ischemic heart attack occurs when blood flow to the brain is blocked and a hemorrhagic heart attack occurs when capillaries break and blood flows out Hypertension or high blood pressure increases the risk of getting a heart attack
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