COMM 1113 1st Edition Lecture 11 Outline of Last Lecture I. Intimate relationships require investment and balanceA. Dialectical Tensions1. Autonomy vs. Connection2. Openness vs. Closedness3. Predictability vs. NoveltyOutline of Current Lecture I. Decision Making and LeadershipA. Communication and productivity linkedB. What is Leadership?C. Perceptions of LeadersD. Types of PowerE. BrainstormingF. Decision Making in GroupsG. GroupthinkH. False ConsensusCurrent LectureI. Decision Making and LeadershipA. Communication and productivity linkedB. What is Leadership?1. Functionsa. Task functions: activities help groups achieve goalsb. Relationship functions: activities improve emotional climate or increase the satisfaction of individual membersc. How do leaders emerge?d. What makes a leader effective? RelationshipsC. Perceptions of Leaders1. Physical differencesa. Sex, height, physical appearance2. Psychosocial differencesa. Self-esteem, self-monitoring (impression management, need fulfillment), outgoingnessD. Types of Power1. Reward power: based on the ability to reward complianceThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.2. Coercive power: based on the ability to punish noncompliance3. Referent power: based on liking, admiration, and attraction4. Legitimate power: based on rightfully granted status or position5. Expert power: based on knowledge, training, experience, and/or position6. Informational power: based on access to valued informationE. Brainstorming1. Focus on quantity2. Do not criticize3. Encourage creativity4. Piggy backF. Decision Making in Groups1. Unanimous consensus2. Majority rule3. Minority rule4. Expert opinion5. Authority rule6. Garbage can: problems, solutions, participants, and choices are all combined together, which may lead to less rational conclusionsG. Groupthink: the poison of effective decision making1. Illusion of vulnerability 2. Collective rationalism3. Illusion of morality4. Excessive stereotyping5. Pressure of conformity6. Self-censorship7. Illusion of unanimity8. MindguardsH. False Consensus1. Because of cohesiveness, group members feel a mutual emotional commitment, so that members concede regardless of own opinions2. The Abilene Paradox: consensus causes problems when people agreement without considering the decision3. Tipsa. Establish relationships before entering the decision making process with a groupb. Use humor to alleviate stressc. Discuss successful group conflict resolution storiesd. Seek input from outsiderse. Consider alternatives and consider them