BIOM 121 1nd EditionExam # 3 Study Guide Chapters: 12-15Chapter 12: Women and SportWhat year were women allowed to participate in the modern Olympics?1920.What are some or the reasons or myths for women not participating in sports?Lack of interest, harmful to health, only ladylike sports appropriate, underserving, lesbian stigma, social attitude, and gender verification practices. What is Title IX?“No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from taking part in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination in any educational program or activity receiving federal financial assistance.”What year was Title IX passed?Passed in 1972 as part of the Education Act. For every U.S. dollar spent on programs, $.99 for boys, and $.01 for girls. What are the 3 Title IX prongs?1. Proportionality Tests2. History of progress test3. Accommodation of interest testWomen buy what percent of all sport/fitness apparel?81%Which Olympics was named the Year of the Woman?Atlanta OlympicsFour out of every five women executives played sports.True or falseIn 2000, 30% of countries did not send a female athlete to the Olympic Games.TrueIn 2008 only five countries sent all-male teams.TrueIn the 25 to 64 age group, women now actually exceed men in physical activity participation. TrueWomen make up what percent of college athletic directors?21% Chapter 13: Social Class and SportWhat is a social class?A social class is the categories of people who share similar positions in society based on their economic level, education, occupation, and social interaction.What is social stratification?Social stratification is the assignment of class based on inequalities in society such as power, prestige, and wealth.What is economic capital?Economic capital is the financial resources that one has or controls. These affect how we see the world and our opportunities. What is social capital?Social capital is the resources available to a person based on memberships, relationships, and both social and business networks. What is cultural capital?Cultural capital is the skills and abilities we have based on education and life experiences. True or FalseThe upper class has the highest rates of sport participationTrueIs class mobility in sport possible?May be an unrealistic expectation. Only 0.2% of high school athletes play professionally. Chapter 14: Special Populations and SportHow many people in the United States have at least one mental or physical disability?More than 54 million people. When was the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) enacted? Enacted in 1990 by George W. Bush. What are the Paralympics?Games for athletes who have amputations, visual impairment, cerebral palsy, spinal cordinjuries, MS, dwarfism, and others.When was the first Paralympic Games?1960 inaugural games were in Rome, Italy. Who is Jerome Singleton?Paralympic athlete from Irmo, SC. When was the division of USOC for the Paralympics founded? 2001What are the Special Olympics?Includes athletes with intellectual disabilities, cognitive delays, significant learning disabilities, or vocational problems. Where were the first Special Olympic Games held?Chicago. Who was Eunice Kennedy Shriver?JFK’s sister who founded the Special Olympics.Chapter 15: Religion and SportTrue of FalseReligion and sport both considered “opiate of the masses”?True Basketball and volleyball were invented at a YMCATrueWho was Rock N Rollin?He was a white male who showed up at major sporting events wearing a rainbow afro wig and held up a sign that read “John 3:16.” How is religion used by coaches, owners, and organizations?Some coaches use religion as a way to achieve team unity. There’s a prayer breakfast at the Olympic Games, informal prayer at school events, and faith nights in minor leagues. What are some ways sport is used to promote religion?FCA, Athletes in Action, Pro Athletes Outreach, NCCAAHarold White LectureWhat amendment ended slavery?The 13th What is the 14th amendment?Everyone born in the US is a US citizen What is the 15th amendment?All US citizens have the right to voteWhat court case ended the public school segregation?Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas. When did USC open it’s doors to its first black students?1963What was the first female sport at USC to gain varsity status?Women’s basketball (1974)Who was the first black female to participate in varsity sports at USC?Edith CookWho was the first USC player to have his jersey retired while still active at the school?George Rogers Who is Sheila Foster?The first and only one of two women’s basketball players who numbers have been