HES 2823 1st Edition Lecture 11 Outline of Last Lecture I Exam 1 Review II Protein continued Outline of Current Lecture I Nitrogen Balance continued II Protein Quality Current Lecture I I Nitrogen Balance continued A NIN NOUT B Healthy Adult 1 Deamination causes nitrogen excretion in urea through urine C Positive nitrogen balance 1 NIN NOUT 2 Net protein gain 3 Period of growth within body 4 Examples a Children humans until the age of 19 b Weight trainers muscle training stress c Pregnant women champions of growth in placenta fetus blood volume breast tissue i Greater need for calories vitamins and minerals than normal 20 more of each ii Need of 75 more protein required iii Toxemia of pregnancy or preeclampsia can develop Sudden emergence without warning Blood pressure spikes triggering spontaneous miscarriage Life threatening to mother and child Due to inadequate protein intake during pregnancy Difficult to control once it begins iv Recovery from starvation D Negative nitrogen balance 1 NOUT NIN These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute II 2 Net protein loss 3 Examples a Starvation i The body continues to break down body proteins to use as an energy source or glucose or ammonia excretion b Illness i Infection causes fever to kill bacteria and body cell alike c Injury i Damaged tissue dies d Low protein intake uncommon in US i Cannot maintain protein synthesis e Poor quality protein E Nitrogen Balance Study 1 Measures urea found in urine Protein Quality A Classification of Proteins within Food 1 Complete Protein a Provides adequate amounts of all essential amino acids b Must be provided in diet c Examples meats milk eggs animal proteins similar to human proteins 2 Incomplete Proteins a Do not provide adequate amounts of all essential amino acids b Examples all plants plant proteins dissimilar to human proteins i Exception gelation collagen the most common protein in the body which is boiled out of animals ii Ultranine secret ingredient collagen 3 Humans do not have to consume complete proteins to remain alive such as the case of vegans a Complementary proteins i Two incomplete proteins provide adequate essential amino acids when combined ii Combine different plant foods into groups and then mix the groups iii Limiting amino acids essential amino acid in an incomplete protein that is not adequately provided iv Each group shares the same limiting amino acid Legumes soy beans dried beans lentils limiting amino acid methionine Grains wheat rice corn limiting amino acid lysine Nuts and Seeds peanuts limiting amino acid lysine v Combining any two foods from legumes and either grains or nuts and seeds displays good example of complementary proteins Recommended to consume complementary proteins at the same time but not mandatory
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