KIN 100 1st Edition Lecture 5 Purpose of Respiration Provides O2 removes CO2 H H2O Anatomy lungs trachea Bronchii diaphragm muscle Phases of Respiration Ventilation breathing inspiration expiration external respiration exchange of gases bronchii alveoli Gas transport transport O2 in tthe blood requires hemoglobin Internal respiration cellular respiration O2 CO2 transfer in cells Control of Breathing Neural rhythm set by breathing center in brain medulla affected by chemoreceptors O2 sensors useful at altitudes CO2 Sensors in carotid sinus Does hyperventilation improve endurance Nope CO2 sensors have more control than O2 sensors Hyperventilation causes O2 levels to drop but doesn t change CO2 levels so no signal to breathe is sent you will pass out Calorimetry Direct Calorimetry Measures Heat directly how much heat you produce Indirect Calorimetry measures heat indirectly utilization of O2 O2 uptake VO2 Max max O2 consumed mL Kg Min Second WInd subjective sensation of easier breathing during exercise Dyspnea labored breathing in the initial stages of exercise Increased diaphragm efficiency easier to inhale muscle temp increases Chemical release endorphins etc psychological factors Can we use extra O2 Respiration affected by temp H Bohr Effect temp or H acidity increase causes curve to shift greater O2 release to tissues Hb can t hold as much O2 not efficient in heat Myoglobin O2 carrier in muscles contains one iron molecule Hb has 4 important in strenuous Measuring Lung Volumes Spirometer Breathe Right nasal strips originally developed for people with sleep apnea useless for normal people same with O2 capsules
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