THIS IS FORM A 1 Please do not open exam until asked to do so Thank you LOGARITHMS THAT MIGHT BE USEFUL log 0 01 2 log 0 1 1 log 1 0 log 2 0 30 log 3 0 48 log 7 log 8 log 9 log 10 log 100 ANTILOGS THAT MAY BE USEFUL 0 84 0 90 0 95 1 0 2 0 log 4 0 60 anti log 1 10 anti log 2 100 anti log 3 1000 anti log 1 1 10 anti log 2 1 100 anti log 3 log 5 0 70 1 1000 log 6 0 78 pKas of Amino Acid Functional Groups Amino Acid 1 and 3 letter Codes A C D E F G H I K L Ala Cys Asp Glu Phe Gly His Ile Lys Leu Alanine Cysteine Aspartate Glutamate Phenylalanine Glycine Histidine Isoleucine Lysine Leucine M N P Q R S T V W Y Met Asn Pro Gln Arg Ser Thr Val Trp Tyr Methionine Asparagine Proline Glutamine Arginine Serine Threonine Valine Tryptophan Tyrosine Unit Conversion nM 10 molar M 10 6 molar mM 10 3 molar 9 THIS IS FORM A 1 Please select the False statement a Nitrogen from amino acids is excreted as urea by humans b All of the reactions of urea formation are energetically downhill and do not require ATP c Carbon dioxide bicarbonate is the carbon source for urea production d Aspartate provides one of the amino groups for urea production 2 In an experiment the tRNA that carries cysteine was correctly charged with cysteine This cysteine was then chemically altered to serine So now the tRNA that normally carries cysteine is now carrying serine This tRNA will preferentially bind to a codon that encodes which of the following a Both serine and cysteine equally b Cysteine c Serine d It will not bind to either of these codons because of the change from cysteine to serine 3 The urea cycle pathway utilizes both cytoplasmic and mitochondrial enzymes True False 4 The enzyme that catalyzes the committed step in cholesterol synthesis directly synthesizes which of these molecules a HMG CoA b Squalene c Isopentenyl pyrophosphate d Mevalonate 5 Please select the true statement a The main function of histone acetyl transferase HAT is adding an acetyl group to phosphate groups in the DNA backbone b Acetylation by HAT increases the accessibility of DNA to transcriptional machinery c Deacetylation of 30 nm fiber structure causes it to become loosened to form the 10nm fiber d None of the above is true 6 During the de novo synthesis of adenylate the base is formed first and then this base is attached to the activated ribose platform True False 7 Identify the nucleotides that are found in RNA a Adenine guanine cysteine and thiamine b Adenine guanine thymine and cytosine c Adenine uracil cytosine and guanine d Adenine uracil thymine and cytosine 8 Please select the true statement a Intermediates resulting from catabolism of leucine can be used in gluconeogenesis b In the synthesis of guanine GTP is used to activate intermediates c Intermediates resulting from catabolism of histidine cannot be used in gluconeogenesis d Intermediates resulting from catabolism of tyrosine can be used in ketone body synthesis 9 Please select the true statement a Acetyl CoA Carboxylase makes malonyl CoA in the first committed step of fatty acid synthesis b Fatty acid beta oxidation occurs in the cytoplasm c Glycolysis occurs in the mitochondrion 2 THIS IS FORM A d Cholesterol synthesis occurs in the mitochondrion 10 Please select the true statement a PCNA is a clamp that holds DNA Polymerase on the leading and lagging DNA strands in E coli b DNA polymerase III has both 3 5 and 5 to 3 exonuclease activity c Telomerase uses its RNA template and reverse transcriptase to synthesize telomeric DNA d During replication the leading strand and lagging strands are synthesized in the 3 to 5 direction 11 Please choose the correct pairing of pathologic condition and defect a Lesch Nyhan syndrome Defect in the salvage pathway of purines b Severe combined immunodeficiency Defect in pyrimidine synthesis c Gout Defect in pyrimidine catabolism d Huntingdon s disease incorrect splice site formed in the mRNA of the Huntingdon protein 12 Please select the true statement a Phenylalanine and tryptophan can be used to produce both glucose and ketone bodies b U1 U2 U4 U5 and U6 snRNPs which are comprised of protein and RNA are replication factors c The enzyme glutamate dehydrogenase forms L glutamate with oxaloacetate as the carbon source d Tryptophan is a direct degradation product of phenyalanine 13 Please select the true statement a Urate is produced during amino acid catabolism and is eliminated in the urine b Urate is a potent antioxidant c Lack of sufficient urate in the blood caused by a deficiency in xanthine oxidase causes gout d Humans and other primates eliminate nitrogenous waste as allantoin 14 Please select the FALSE statement regarding PKU a Persons with PKU must reduce their intake of tyrosine throughout their life compared to persons without PKU b Phenylketonuria generally results from a dysfunction in the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase or a deficit in the cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin c Phenylketonuria can cause profound cognitive impairment if not treated within the first year of life d Phenylketonuria is caused by a recessive autosomal mutation 15 Cis factors include silencers which are DNA sequences to which repressors bind True False 16 Which intermediate is not one of the seven common metabolites of protein degradation a Pyruvate b Acetyl CoA c Oxaloacetate d Nicotinamide 17 Which of the following functions during transcription in prokaryotes a alpha beta and beta prime b TFIID c Sigma factor d Rec A 18 The first committed step of glycolysis is a Down regulated inhibited by glucose 6 P 3 THIS IS FORM A 4 b Up regulated activated by fructose 2 6 BP c Up regulated activated by glucagon d Up regulated activated by glucose 6 phosphate 19 Please select the true statement a Deamination of the base guanine forms uracil b CAP binds DNA in bacterial cells when there are low concentrations of glucose available c Homeodomain proteins are prokaryotic transcription factors with leucine zipper motifs d Only c and d are true e None of the above is true 20 During transcription the helicase and kinase activity of TFIIH aids in promoter escape True False 21 The UP sequence is a cis factor found in bacterial transcripts that are used in high number True False 22 Please select the FALSE statement a Bacterial genes can be transcribed and translated at the same time b DNA is more resistant to hydrolytic damage than RNA as deoxyribose is reduced at the 2 position c Eukaryotic chromosomes have many origins of replication d Centromeric DNA is predominantly
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