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MSU BMB 401 - Lecture_35_Self_Assessment_Key_DNA_Struc

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Lecture'34'Self'Assessment'DNA'Structure'II:''Chromatin,'Topology,'Replication''!1. {Euchromatin/Heterochromatin}!readily!decondenses!for!transcription!2. {Euchromatin/Heterochromatin}!is!found!constitutively!in!this!state!at!the!telomere!and!centromere!of!{prokaryotic/eukaryotic}4chromosomes!3. Portions!of!the!chromatin!which!can!condense!or!decondense!as!needed!is!{facultative'heterochromatin/constitutive4heterochromatin}!4. If!a!piece!of!DNA!has!1040!bp,!!and!!Writhe!=!0!what!is!the!twist?____100______!!5. What!is!the!linking!number?________100______________!6. Change!in!DNA!linking!number!can!only!happen!when!the!DNA!is!cut!TF!7. DNA!molecules!that!differ!in!linking!number!are!{alleles/topoisomers/analogs}48. Name!the!two!main!differences!between!Topoismerase!I!and!II.!Topoisomerase!I!makes!one!cut!in!the!DNA!and!the!linking!number!changes!by!one.!(another!is!that!this!process!does!not!require!ATP,!but!just!the!release!of!tension!to!power!this!change!in!linking!number.!_________________________________________________________________________________________Topoisomerase!II!requires!ATP,!cuts!both!strands!and!changes!the!linking!number!by!2.!!9. Replication!requires!a. primer_____________________________________________________________!b. DNA!template______________________________________________________________________NTPs!and!dNTPs_______________________________________________________!c. Mg2+! !10. What!is!the!function!of!Mg2+!!in!replication?!(also!has!the!same!role!in!transcription,!it!turns!out)_Helps!to!position!the!phosphate!groups!for!optimal!reaction!distance,!and!catalyzes!the!reaction.!!!11. What!feature!of!DNA!polymerase!ensures!that!the!correct!bases!are!added!and!that!the!incorrect!bases!are!excised!by!the!endonuclease!function!of!DNA!polymerase?!!___Hydrogen!bonding!between!the!bases!in!the!minor!groove!of!DNA!and!the!amino!acids!in!the!polymerase,!Arginine!and!Glutamine,do!not!occur!unless!the!correct!deoxynucleotide!has!been!added,!an!incorrect!pair!would!not!allow!the!nucleotide!to!be!held!tightly,!and!this!nucleotide!would!slip!into!the!exonuclease!and!be!cleaved!off.________________________!!12. The!DNA!helicase!that!functions!in!eukaryotic!replication!is: Mcm2F7___! !13. The!DNA!Polymerase!that!replicates!the!leading!strand!in!eukaryotes!is__DNA!Polymerase!epsilon!!14. !This!enzyme!clears!DNA/RNA!heteroduplexes!in!eukaryotes:!RNAseH__________,!while!in!prokaryotes!it!is!__DNA!POLI___________.!!15. Enzyme!that!seals!the!nick!left!by!excision!of!primers!in!both!eukaryotes!and!prokaryotes!called!__DNA!Ligase___________________________________________________.!16. DNA!TEMPLATE!is!read!in!the!__3_´__to!_5_´__!!direction!17. RNA!PRIMERS!are!polymerized!in!the!__5_´__to!_3_´__!!direction!Lecture 35Lecture'34'Self'Assessment'DNA'Structure'II:''Chromatin,'Topology,'Replication''!18. DNA!POL!III!is!a!polymerase!in!{prokaryotes/eukaryotes}4that4serves!this!purpose!__________Main!replicative!DNA!polymerase!!19.


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MSU BMB 401 - Lecture_35_Self_Assessment_Key_DNA_Struc

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