PSYCH 304 1st Edition Lecture 5Outline of Last Lecture II. Humanistic PsychologyIII. Cognitive PsychologyIV. Ethological PsychologyOutline of Current Lecture V. Ways to Make a BabyVI. Egg and Sperm IssuesVII. Genetic TermsCurrent LectureI. Ways to Make a BabyA. Conception or Fertilization – the egg and sperm come together in the uterus and form a zygoteB. Old Fashioned Way – have Sexual IntercourseC. Artificial Insemination – a process in which a woman acquires frozen sperm, which are then physically inserted into her uterusD. Test Tube – both eggs and sperm are extracted and put into a petri dish; once theprocess is complete both the egg and sperm are inserted into the uterusE. Surrogacy – If a woman is unable to conceive, the male in the relationship can impregnate another woman who agrees to have the couple’s child for them. The child must then be adopted by the original couple.i. Generally frowned upon todayF. CloningG. Three person baby – a situation where both the mother and father each donate egg and sperm (respectively), and they are put into a petri dish. The concoction isthen inserted into another woman who is capable of giving birthII. Egg and Sperm IssuesA. Egg and sperm: half chromosomes come from mom and half come from dad.i. Traits are determined by dominant and recessive quality of genesB. Sex of child: sperm determines sexi. XX=girlii. XY=boy Y=missing some dataThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.a. Because the Y is missing some data, its “lighter” presence leads to more boy conceptions; this causes more sex-linkedrecessive traits in males (baldness)C. Twins:i. Identical Twins – monozygotic ii. Fraternal Twins – dizygotic D. Fertility Treatmentsi. Have increased from 19 per 1,000 to 25 per 1,000 birthsIII. Genetic TermsA. Polygenetic Inheritance: i. The heredity of complex characters that are determined by a large number of genes; however, each one has a relatively small effect Most traits require many genesB. Multifactorial Transmission:i. Expressions of these genes are due to the interaction of genes and the environmentC. Heritability:i. The statistic of how strong the genetic factor is in the expression of the trait Example: 48% of identical twins who are raised apart will develop the same trait (some)D. Reaction Range:i. An established limit to the gene expression Example: some people are twelve inches taller than their parents; however, no one is twelve feet