Ch. 7 Bio and Cognitive Changes 3-6Lose baby fat, more slender, no longer babies—they are through most dangerous periodTime preschool nursery school and kindergartenGross Motor Skills increase run, jump, hop, throw start sports at age 3-4Fine skills lag- better near 6: cut, draw, write, colorHandedness develops 90% right handed (left brain)Lefties about 20% of top SAT scoresRight side of the brain becomes more developedRight side of the body controls right side of brain. Reason majority of humans areright handed is because language center is on the left side of the brain7 to 8 colds/year “snot nosed kid” day care vs. homeImmune system is building upDeath: car accidents (63% unrestrained) and drowningSleeping IssuesSleep less than baby, more problems:Security object, glass of water, store, tucked inReward kids for sleeping in their own bedSleep walking and night terrors (look to be wide awake) 25% seem to disappear in most by age 6, some continue—sleepwalkers hard to wake. They are in a state of non-REM 3 or 4—if you try to wake them, they will get aggravated Nightmares (contribute: excitement, stay up late, eating a heavy meal- think holidays!) Ghost repellent Bed wetting should disappear by 5 years after that 7% boys and 3% girls- Chrissy the selective mutePossible emotional and/or sexual relationCog Piaget’s Pre-operational StagePiaget’s stagesSensorimotor stage birth to 2 yearsPre-operational stage 3-6 yearsPiaget criticized for seeing this as a deficit stage.Achievements:1. Symbolic words and numbers represent things 5= 111112. Identities- understand grandpa does not equal all old men3. Basic cause and effect- refrigerator light example4. Sorting to 2 levels; colors and shapes5. Numbers set order, 1 object 1 number6. Theory of mind: differentiate thoughts/dreams, others emotions, differentiate thinking/feeling, ability to liestart to see out of their own world- start understanding other peopleSpeech Issues7. Social speech: ask for things, how to tell a story, how to begin a conversation, adjust to listenerPrivate speech Piaget said due to egocentrism (think they are the only people in the world)Vygotsky says child is learning to think in their headLanguage delay in about 3% of children don’t speak till 3. Usually fast mapping and ear problems but poor language skills lead to stigmaVygotsky’s challenge to PiagetIntell not a standard quality that everyone has. Children can be pulled forward by older kidsZone of proximal development = instruction is best in an area where the child is near ready to learn ( What does that say? Read this to me). ID Zone and useScaffolding- more structure at beginning and then less and less structure as child’s skills improve(Checkers let child win first few games, then play harder)Head start: law, finish HS, preg, go to college, be