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IUB SPH-M 333 - M333 notes

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Chapter 1: Beginning of SportGameNo standard rules/bureaucratic organizationImmigrants brought customs overPuritansVery simpleUngodly activities -> leisureAnglicansSimilar to puritansPuritans suppress “butchery” sportsKilling of animalsQuakersPhillyno leisurePennYes leisureMore colonies with water sportsLess colonies horse racing/gamblingWealthyTrotting -> poor peopleChapter 2: BaseballBaseballStarted around civil war timeEmployers saw value in sponsoring teams, especially winning onesPost civil war -> professional teamsHelped by:Railroads – helped teamsTelegraph – sent scores & info printing newsPaying players was highly debatedNABBPDefended concept of amateurismFenced off fields, promoted ticketsPromoted players wanting share of the cut1868top 8 teams combined for more than 100,000Cincy Red Stocking – 1st all-pro teamHarry WrightCricket player -> baseballDeveloped strategies still usedDesigned uniformsScheduled gamesChadwickBox score & statsRulesMin pop1 team/city9/10 Chapter 3 The History of NCAA & College AthleticsRise of Intercollegiate Sports1840 – 1880period of student control18521st Harvard vs. Yale Boat Race1876Intercollegiate Football AssociationStudents Run the ShowStudent organized and administeredStudent financedDecided eligibility, rulesEarly College SportsRowingPopular prior to civil warClubs in northeaster campusesYale & Harvard 1852Highly publicizedLake Winnipesaukee in new Hampshire1000+ spectatorsCollege Regatta AssociationWritten rules and regulationsMemberPost civil warTrack and fieldCollege track & field teamsOrganized and had spring meetsBaseballNation’s most popular team sportFirst recorded gameRushRush for potential athletes during this timeCoachersWhat coaches were called thenCaptainsHeld responsibilities of today’s coaches and athletic directorsOrganizing the teamOrigins of FootballCame from Greek game HarpastonDescribed as a very rough and brutalRules (scoring)Kicking, running and throwing it past the goal lineStop the other teamCollege footballNovember 6,1869Princeton vs. RutgersPlayed using English football association rulesEach team had 25 playersClosely resembled soccerRutgers won 6-4Banquet followed after in which the teams toasted each otherFootball Caught Fire Around College CampusesEarly problemsTramp athletesProselytizingFinancial recruitmentProfessors and deansDismal academic records of this migrant class of athletesMany students showed more interested in games than their studiesViolent nature of the sportBeginning of modern rules1873standardized rulesYale, Columbia, Princeton, RutgersHarvard refusedWanted physical rules1874Harvard vs. McGillOval ball1874-1875Harvard vs. YaleWalter Camp1880 father of modern footballfirst rule was adjusting starting players 15 to 11establishment of line of scrimmagesnap from center to quarterback1881 championship Princeton vs. Yale 0-0 tieline of scrimmage was used to slow down the pace of playimplementation of downs5 yards in 3 downsfield size reductionfootball popularity1880sbecame popular nationwide1892first professional player, guard, William Heffelinger (500)1892first professional gamerulesregions played by their own rules and scoring standardsall-eastern bloc rules committee1897 Walter camp, Amos Stagg, Alex Moffatt6 points TD, 5 points for a kick, substitution rulesconferences1894 – southern intercollegiate athletic association formedDr. William DudleyCrafted a constitutionSet rules5 years of eligibility, banning professional athletics, attend school they represent, banning instructors from playingElected officersBig ten conference historyMeet in 1895Known as west conference1899Indiana joinedNamed big nine1912Ohio state joinednamed big ten19391949Michigan state joinedBefore 19871990Penn state2010Nebraskarules1899 Rise of the south1900 Yale exploits rulesI formationSpreads westBy 1900 there were 43 schools participating1901-19041902 Michigan Stanfordinjuries1895-1905high injury sporthampen park blood batharmy navy game18 players killed in 1905 alone1896 leads to headgear1905reformlimiting players within the neutral zoneforward pass191033 more deaths; 12 interlocking formations were bannedwelcomed 4th down; 6 points for a touchdownprofessional football league1920administrationby 1885 the school’s want a piece of the pieuse athletics to increase enrollmentattract $$ from local businessesattract alumni $$influence state legislatures to provide $$how football almost died18 deaths in 1906 gamemany, such as Harvard president Charles Eliot, pushed to ban game. The NYT ran editorials supporting abolitionRoosevelt wanted the game to survivehis son played at Harvardformation & historyestablished in 19906on the premise to protect young peopleformation of the NCAARoosevelt lead two white house conferences to encourage reformChancellor henryIAAUS transitioned to NCAA in 19101921 first NCAA national championship occurredbasketballOregon won in 1939Execute 88 championships for 89 sports in Division 1,2,3DivisionsPre 1955None1956-1972major university division and college division1973 – present3 divisionssanity code1946defined amateurisminstitutional responsibilityacademic standardsfinancial aid controlresultsultimate power resides with NCAANCAA has enforcement powerNCAAPower of television contracts1940s two colleges had tv contracts1951 NCAA prohibited games on televisionNCAA vs. Board of Regents 1984University of Oklahoma vs. university of Georgia athletic associationSupreme courtViolated Sherman antitrust actProhibits certain business activities that federal government regulators deem to be anti-competitiveTelevision rights negotiated19841991 Notre dame nbc deal1998 bowl championship seriesNCAA Men’s basketball tournamentOnly tournament where they profitCollege licensing companyHandles business on more than 150 schoolsAsset’s in design, selections, and representation of logosPromotes logo use to national vendorsPatrols/curtails counterfeit marketersUniversity logo products2 billion in 1995highest net incomeAlabama, Penn state, Michigan, Texas, Kansas stateChapter 4 The Modernization of American Sports (1865-1920)Importance of Organized SportsEmployers found team sports to be useful in controlling works attitudes and behaviorPoliticians and social workers believed organized play a useful tool to help Americanize immigrant childrenReligious leaders believed sports properly played would create better ChristiansNewspapers used college and professional sports as a means of reaching wilder


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