BIOL 1108 Edition 1nd Lecture 20 Outline of Last Lecture I Learning Objectives II In The News III Sexual Variation IV Asexual Mechanism V Sexual Mechanism VI Reproductive Organs Produce and Transport Gametes VII Human Reproduction VIII Sex Hormones IX Reproductive Process in Females Outline of Current Lecture I Learning Objectives II In The News III Ecology IV Distribution and Abundance V Biomes VI Climate vs Weather Current Lecture I Learning Objectives These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute II III IV Understand why we study organisms in relation to their environments Understand the influence of abiotic conditions on things such as the distribution of species Consider similarities and differences among terrestrial and aquatic biomes In The News Do we choose our friends because they share our genes People may be similar to one another through sharing smells in different environments Starbucks Effect People tend to be friends with others that have different immune systems in order to gain an extra covering of protection Friends tend to share the same genetic complexion to our 4th cousins Homophily tendency to interact with individuals similar to self o Genetic makeup In a hunter gatherer group the number of social ties and gifts given was more than expected by random chance o Characteristics that hunter gatherer campmates and gift givers receivers had in common and variation in cooperation Relationship of gut microbes to mammal diet taxonomic group and geographic location provenance Friends had a higher number of genes in common and fewer numbers of genes that were opposite of their friends o Genetic similarities and differences Similar Olfactory Linoleic acid metabolism o In gene expression Different Immune system process Ecology As an organism what constitutes your world Why do we study organisms relative to their environments Ecology the study of organisms at their home living o Ecology tends to be studied at different levels Organism ecology Population ecology Communities ecology Ecosystem ecology Landscape ecology Global ecology Distribution and Abundance What affects species distributions and abundance globally What is o Species distribution V VI Space between individuals Has different forms Clumps Uniformly Random o Species abundance Number in an area How does species distribution and abundance vary locally Globally o Dependence on resources o Climate and weather What factors are contributing to these species distribution patterns o Elevation o Latitude more species and higher diversity loser to the equator than at the poles o Precipitation Biomes Areas of the Earth characterized by similar plant communities and physical environments Biomes vary in the average season patterns climate of temperature and precipitation they experience Climate vs Weather What is the difference between climate and weather How do we explain diverse biomes What drives Earth s climates o Solar radiation sun bearing down on the Earth o Earth s position to the sun tilt rotation revolution o Atmospheric gases H2O CO2 CH4 Why is the maximum not at the equator o Earth s tilt Seasonal patterns in solar radiation o Earth s inclination causes seasonal changes in the latitude where solar input in most intense Global air circulation and precipitation patterns o Create circular patterns of wind picking up moisture from the Earth and back up to the atmosphere as rain o Cold and warm currents affect the amount of nutrients in the water o Cold water keeps land areas cooler whereas warmer water near the coasts allow lands to have hotter climates Warm water is the most prolific more life with coral reefs Aquatic waters included rivers and many smaller self contained lakes o Together these patterns create the different biomes of the Earth TOPHAT QUESTION Together warm water in the tropics and cold water from the northern latitudes cause which of the following A B C D Global rainfall patterns Circular flow of ocean currents Global trade winds Large changes in coastal climate