HIST 1378 TTh 2:30-4 PM Lecture 12 Outline of Last Lecture The 1920s: Culture, Capitalism, and Crash! (cont)- Depression- Attempted solution: Dawes PlanOutline of Current Lecture FDR and the New Deal- Roosevelt and the Politics of Illusion and Hope- The 3 Rs - First New Deal- Second New DealCurrent LectureFDR and The New Deal- New Deal - plan to ease the Great Depression- Roosevelt and the Politics of Illusion and Hopeo Came to office as Democrat- The 3 Rso Relief Government help for people in need (homeless, elderly, no health care) Soup kitchens, warm blankets, shelters, health careo Recovery Economic recover, businesses to reopen, jobs to be availableo Reform Make sure depression doesn’t happen again, create new laws, rebuild system- First New Deal: Conservative, pro-Business Reformo Roosevelt wanted to save capitalism, wanted to help businesses instead of blamethem for the crisis (had to save industry, agriculture, and banking)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o NIRA - National Industrial Recovery Act Felt that overproduction was the problem Wanted businesses to produce less (problem:people don’t have money to buy things)…but theproblem of depression was the problem ofCONSUMPTION. Economy is not fixedo AAA - Agricultural Adjustment Act Government paid farmers to kill pigs (hogreduction program), dump milkinto sewers in order to cutproduction so prices can go up.(Wow…that’s a terrible idea.People still can’t afford this sohow did this benefit…) Made farm subsidies -government pays you not toproduce goods- Big farmers benefited from thiso SEC - Securities and Exchange Commission (Joseph P. Kennedy) Look after stock marketo FDR separates commercial (buying and selling)/investment (stock firms) banking- Second New Dealo “Thunder on the Left” - said that FDR wasn’t doing enough to help the people who actually NEEDED the help (he helped the rich instead of the poor) o Woody Guthrie - well-known musician who was a communist. Sang songs criticizing bankers. Wrote “This Land is Your Land” emphasizing that the land is not JUST for the richo Will Rogers - comedian who made political satire, spoke in favor of the pooro FDR’s Critics: Sinclair, Townshend, Lewis, Long Upton Sinclair - created “EPIC” (End Poverty in California), proposes that state purchases empty businesses and farms and give unemployed peoplethese jobs.- This is socialism when you give the workers control of the businesses.- Ran for Democrat and people loved him! Francis Townshend - doctor who worked with elderly, made program for elderly pension John Lewis - union leader, head of mine workers, said that laborers shouldnot vote for FDRo Social Security, WPA (Works Progress Administration)o Wagner Act - allows workers ability to collective bargaining, strikes, and form labor
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