These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Lecture 5 Outline of Last Lecture I. (More information on) Gilded Age a. Homestead Outline of Current Lecture (More information about Agrarian Uprisings added) The Crisis of the 90s - Production, Overproduction, and Markets - Missionaries and Imperialists Current Lecture I. Agrarian Uprisings a. From Family to Commercial Farming i. Some farmers urged to minimize their costs while maximizing their profits ii. Lost money because of railroads ‐ had to pay to ship products b. Producer’s Image i. “Producer” ‐ both a farmer and a laborer ii. Illinois farmers organized into Illinois Producers’ Convention iii. Image of farmers (humble, making plants to industrial) laborers iv. Farmers felt that they were being exploited c. The Grange i. National organization, 1870s, Great Plains HIST 1378 1st Edition ii. Wanted sort of a “social circle” ‐ dances, parties… because it gets lonely as a farmer! Became a social to political movement, made cooperatives, made insurance companies iii. Farmers started to make their own banks iv. Advocated programs, but failed to address overproduction. (Too many farmers, too much productive land). v. Demonstrated that farmers were capable of organizing a political agenda. d. Knights of Labor i. Believed in cooperatives e. Populists (Railroads, Monopolies, Trusts) i. Farmer’s organization, class movement, became political party ii. Purpose: to attack capitalist system, because it is damaging the farmers iii. Four Main Enemies 1. Bankers ‐ they did not provide farmers any loans 2. Railroads ‐ rates for farmers much more than rates for factories; “short‐haul” rates cost more than “long‐haul” rates (distance travelling) 3. Monopolies (Rockefeller, Carnegie) ‐ no competition, no control with prices ‐ Rockefeller could lower prices so much that other companies must come out of the competition 4. Trusts ‐ they operate for rich people ‐ they are deadly becaus e they operate in the companies that go against the farmers iv. Link to People’s Party Platform description: http://projects.vassar.edu/1896/peoplesplatform.html v. By 1900, movement was settled vi. Wizard of Oz connected to movement 1. Some scholars theorized that characters/ images used resembled political images well known in the 1890s. THE CRISIS OF THE 90s II. Production, Overproduction, and Markets a. Some factories made more than they needed, could not sell it all, tried to sell it to different places i. Solution ‐ go out of business or find new markets (foreign trade) b. Missionaries went overseas for religious re
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