BIOL 1050 Lecture 8Outline of Last LectureI. Nutrientsa. Macronutrientsi. Carbohydratesii. Lipidsiii. Proteinsb. Micronutrientsi. Vitaminsii. MineralsOutline of Current LectureI. ProteinsII. Micronutrientsa. Vitaminsb. Minerals Current LectureI. Proteinsa. Diverse functionsb. Main structural component of lifec. Enzymes are proteins that assist in chemical reactionsd. Are structural, protective, regulatory, contractile, transporte. Made up of amino acidsi. 20 common kinds of aaf. Each unique sequence of aa leads to a different shaped protein g. 4 different types of proteini. primary1. basic sequence of aaii. Secondary1. Fold lengtha. Two typesiii. Tertiary1. How they fold togetheriv. Quaternaryh. Protein shapeThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.i. Shame determines functionii. Temperature or pH can change shape= denaturation1. Disrupts functioni. Proteins broken down in digestion to component aa i. Used as building blocksj. Some aa can be made by bodyk. Others must be acquired by dieti. These are “essential” amino acids ii. Most plant based foods don’t contain all 11 essential aa like meat does (vegetarians must eat multiple plant based foods to get required aa)l. Without protein you can’t build more cells and growm. You need about 40g-80g of protein per day, body builders take higher amounts, up to 120gn. Protein rarely turns to fat since it is almost always being used for something elseo. 4kcal per gram of protein p. It is the last source of energy your body will use, it will first burn through fat, etc, because it is so importantII. Micronutrientsa. Vitaminsi. Are complex nutrients that contain carbon and are needed only in very small quantities to assist enzymes ii. Can get from pills or food, but food sources are betteriii. Plants are also good sourcesb. Mineralsi. Non-carbon-containing atoms necessary to assist enzymesii. Ex. Sodium, potassium, iron, calcium, fluorideiii. Don’t require nearly as much as
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