11Distributed File System, and Disk Quotas(Week 7, Thursday 2/21/2007)© Abdou Illia, Spring 20072Learning Objective Create a stand-alone Dfs structure with a Dfs root some Dfs linksEnable and configure Disk Quotas3Distributed File System (Dfs) A system that enables folders shared from multiple computers to appear as though they exist in one centralized hierarchy of folders instead of on many different computers\Root_folder\Folder1 (on Computer1)\Folder2 (on Compuetr2)\Folder3 (on Computer3:24Scenario 1: Dfs not used Shared folders are not an effective solution if there are dozens of serversServer 2\DataServer 3\SalesServer 1\InstallServer 4\PolicyShared folders are used Four shared folders on 4 different servers Users need to know servers and foldersnames to access resources Users need to connect to each server5Scenario 2: Using DfsServer4\PolicyServer 2\DataServer 1\InstallServer 3\SalesUsing Dfs We need a Dfs server providing linksto shared folders on different servers Users need to connect to a single server Users don’t need to know all servers andfolders namesDfs serverLink to InstallLink to PolicyLink to Data Link to Sales 6Dfs implementation in Win 200337Dfs Models Standalone Dfs Created on standalone servers (Workgroup) Dfs information stored on the local serverThere are two Dfs models: Domain-Based Dfs Created on a Domain controller or Member server (in a Domain) Dfs information stored within Active DirectoryNote: To implement either model, the DFS service needs to be started.8Dfs Rules Windows 2000 Server Only 1 Dfs root per server is allowed Dfs can be created on FAT or NTFS partitions Windows Server 2003 (Enterprise & DataCenter) Multiple Dfs roots per server are allowed Only NTFS partitions can host Dfs roots Dfs clients must be running Dfs client software** Dfs Client software integrated in Win 2000 and Win XP, not in older Win versions9Creating a standalone Dfs1) Open the Distributed File System management tool (Start/All Programs/Administrative Tools/DFS)2) Click Action menu, and then New Dfs Root3) In the New Dfs Root Wizard, check Create a standalone Dfs root4) Follow the instructions Once the Dfs root is created, you can right-click it and: Create a new Dfs link Check the status of the root folder Hide the root (if needed for security reasons) Filter the links (# of links to show, links you need to show, etc)410Adding a Dfs link1) Open the Distributed File System management tool2) Right-click the root under the tree in the left pane3) Click New Dfs Link4) Follow the instructions11Removing a Dfs link1) Open the Distributed File System management tool2) Right-click the link under the tree in the left pane3) Click Remove Dfs Link4) Click Yes.12Set Dfs permissions NTFS permissions and shared folder permissions set on folders used in the Dfsstructure apply513Disk Quotas Disk Quotas needed because Many users save data on shared folders Users must be prevented from filling disk capacity Disk Quotas options Enable Disk quotas w/o limiting disk usage Set a default quota for all users (per-volume basis) Set quotas on per-user basisNote: Disk Quotas only available on NTFS partitions14Enable/Configure Disk Quotas1) Open My Computer2) Right-click the volume, and click Properties3) Click Quota tab4) Enable quotas management5) Configure Disk quotas15Disk Quota Parameters Enable quota management: Sets up quota management and starts tracking disk usage Deny disk space to users exceeding quota limits: Users can’t write new information after reaching their quotas Do not limit disk usage: Tracks disk usage without imposing quotas Limit disk space to: Sets the default amount of disk space for all users616Disk Quota Parameters (continued) Set warning level to: Sets the default disk space that users can occupy that will trigger a warning message Log event when a user exceeds their quota limit: An event is entered in the System log when a user reaches his or her quota Log event when the user exceeds the warning level: An event is entered in the System log when a user receives a warning that he or she is approaching the quota17Delete a Quota entry1) Open My Computer2) Right-click the volume, and click Properties3) Click Quota tab4) Click the Quota Entries button5) Right-click the appropriate user account6) Click Delete18Other slides:- Configuring Auditing- Taking ownership719Configuring Auditing Auditing allows to keep track of events like Write, Create, Delete, Append, etc. on folders/files Need to implement auditing on folders and files that involve sensitive information (accounting, payroll, research projects, etc.)20Configuring Auditing1) Right-click the folder/file you want to audit2) Click Properties3) Click Security tab4) Click Advanced button5) Click Auditing tab in the Access Control Settingsdialog box, and click Add6) Double-click the group or user you want to audit7) Check the Successful or Failed events to audit8) Click OK as many times as needed.21Taking ownership1) Right-click the folder/file you want to take ownership2) Click Properties3) Click Security tab4) Click Advanced button5) Click Owner tab in the Access Control Settings dialog box, and click Add6) Change the ownership7) Click OK as many times as needed.Note: If you are the owner of a folder/file (or have the Take ownership permission), you can change other users’ permissions822Summary Questions1) The Computer Planning Committee at your company is working to project Windows Server 2003 disk capacity needs for the next two years, as part of the computer equipment budgeting process. Because you are part of the committee, they asked you if there is any way to gather statistics on present disk use over a three-month period to help in making projections. How can you obtain the statistics that they want? a) Turn on disk auditing for each user’s account, and compile the audit reportb) Set the default disk quota to a low number, and gather statistics based on the resulting reports that users are out of disk spacec) Enable disk quotas, and after three months copy the disk quotas statistics into a file (e.g. spreadsheet or word processor file)d) There is no easy way to gather statistics except to ask all employees to calculate the space they use.23Summary Questions2) Which of the following are Dfs models that you can set up in Windows-based networks?a) Standaloneb)