Review For Exam 2Windows 2000 Family ProductsDifference between Win 2000 family membersDirectory ServiceActive DirectorySlide 6ClusteringLoad BalancingPreparing Windows 2000 installationWorkgroup vs. DomainSlide 11File Systems: FAT vs. NTFSDisk ManagementBasic diskDynamic diskMirrored volumeRAID-5 volumeConverting Basic disk to Dynamic diskConverting Dynamic disk to Basic diskLimitations of Dynamic diskFile system securityShared FoldersShared Folder PermissionsNTFS PermissionsShares & permissionsDistributed File System, Disk QuotasDfs: Scenario 1Dfs: Scenario 2Dfs implementation in Win 2000Slide 30Disk Quotas1Review For Exam 2(Week 8, Monday 3/1/2004)© Abdou Illia, Spring 20042Windows 2000 Family Products3Difference between Win 2000 family membersCommon OS functionsNo Disk Fault-toleranceNo Advanced Network Management functionsDisk Fault-ToleranceActive DirectoryClusteringNetwork Load-BalancingWorkstation OS Server Operating systems4Directory ServiceProvides: Single login and Resource lookup.5Active DirectoryCentral Database that store information about all Network resourcesTools for managing network resources (find, add, remove, etc.)Central Database used for:Resource lookup (Searching for specific resources)User authentication (login)6Active DirectoryIndividual resources are called objectsObjects belong to a ClassesEach Class has its own attributes & propertiesUser accounts Computers Printers DomainsObject classes• Object name• Object unique Identifier• Required attributes• Optional attributes• Parent relationship• Username• User’s full name• Password• Account description• Remote access OKUsername: JohnFull mane: Johnny DoePassord: 12#$msDescription: Consultant in Sales depart.7ClusteringTechnique for providing uninterrupted service (even in case of hardware/software failure)Combining two or more servers into one virtual serverServices installed on external storageUsers connect to the virtual server (167.10.11.5 in illustration)One of the clustered servers provides the service at a time8Load BalancingLoad balancing = Distributing the load among multiple computersNo External disk containing services to be providedMultiple independent servers configure to participate in the load balancingSame service with the same content on each serverUsers connect to the virtual server (167.10.11.5 in illustration)Users’ requests are redirected to one server at a time so that the load is distributed among all the serversWebserviceWebserviceWebserviceWebserviceWebserviceVirtual server167.10.11.59Preparing Windows 2000 installation10Workgroup vs. DomainDomain:A logical grouping of servers and other network resources that share a central directory database (Active Directory)Types of computer in a domain:Domain controllers (DC) running a Server OSEach domain controller maintains a copy of Active DirectoryEach domain controller can authenticate usersMember server (MS) running a Server OS.A MS is not configured as a DCA MS doesn't store a copy of ADA MS cannot authenticate usersClient computers running a Workstation OSDomain administrator has absolute right to set policies within a domainNote: A domain does not refer to a single location. In a domain, computers can share physical proximity on a small LAN or can be located in different corners of the world.11Workgroup vs. DomainWorkgroup:A logical grouping of networked computers that share resources such as files and printers.Called Peer-to-Peer network because computers can share resources as equals, without a dedicated server.In a Workgroup, each server and each workstation maintains a local database which contains user accounts and resource security information for that computerIn a Workgroup, the administration of user accounts and resource security is decentralized:A user must have a user account on each computer the user needs to accessAny change to a user account must be made on each computer12File Systems: FAT vs. NTFSDisks can be formatted using, basically, two types of formatting systems: FAT & NTFSWindows 2000 supports both File Allocation Table (FAT) and NT File System (NTFS)FAT:Is an older file system designed for computers with small disk storageOffers less data security than NTFSLong file names (<= 256 characters)File-level and directory level securityData compressionDisk quotas management for disk usage controlFile encryptionNTFS FeaturesFAT16 FAT32 NTFSSupported by MS-DOS, Win 3.x and Win 95 v.1 ?YES NO NOSupported by Win 95 OSR2 & Win 98?YES YES NOSupported by Win NT 3.51 & Win NT 4.0?YES YES YES (NTFS 4.0)Supported by Win 2000?YES YESYES(All ver.)13Disk Management14Basic diskA physical disk that can be accessed by MS-DOS and all Windows-based operating systems. Basic disks can contain up to 4 primary partitions, or 3 primary partitions and an extended partition with multiple logical drives. Primary partition 1Primary partition 2Primary partition 3Primary partition 4Primary partition 1Primary partition 2Primary partition 3Extended partition• A primary partition is a portion of a physical disk that functions as though it were a physically separate disk.• You create a primary partition, then you format it with a file system (FAT or NTFS,) and then assign a drive letter to it (e.g. C:, D:, F:, etc.)• A primary partition can start the OS (contain the boot files)• A special kind of partition used to create one or more logical drives• After you create a logical drive, you format it and assign it a drive letter (e.g. G:, H:, etc.)• An extended partition cannot start the OS.Note: With GPT (GUID partition table) disk-partitioning scheme that is used by the Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) in Itanium-based computers, we can create up to 128 (primary) partitions per disk15Dynamic diskWith Win 2000, you can convert a Basic disk to a Dynamic diskWith a dynamic disk, you can create an unlimited number of volumes Volume C:Volume D:Volume E:Configuration partition (1 MB)Etc….Dynamic disks provide features that basic disks do not, such as:the ability to create volumes that span multiple disks (spanned and striped volumes), and the ability to create fault tolerant volumes (mirrored and RAID-5 volumes). A spanned volume is a dynamic volume consisting of disk space on more than one physical disk. Spanned volumes are not fault
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