KIN 3304 1nd Edition Lecture 18 Outline of Last Lecture I Heart Releases Hormones II Pancreatic Islets III Regulating Bone Growth IV Vitamin D V Parathyroid Hormone VI Calcitonin VII GH and T4 VIII Estrogen and Testosterone IX Disorders Outline of Current Lecture I Lymphatic System II Functions of Lymphoid System III Thymus IV Other Stuf V Functions of Lymphatic System VI Lymphedema VII Functions of Lymphatic System cont VIII Lymphatic Capillaries These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute IX Lymphatic Collecting Vessels X Deep Lymphatics XI Figure 23 16 XII Lymphomas XIII Figure 23 4 XIV Thoracic Duct XV Lymphocytes XVI Diferent Types of Lymphocytes Current Lecture I Lymphatic System a Lymph nodes LN found throughout the body b Easily palpable during infection disease c Exercise helps immune system d Lymphatic vessels run parallel to blood vessels II III Functions of Lymphoid System a Produce maintain distribute lymphocytes i Produced within spleen thymus bone marrow ii Thymus BM are 1 degree lymphoid organs 1 Spleen is also 1 degree in mice 2 T Cells originate in bone marrow and go to the thymus to get educated Thymus a Gets smaller with age b Has blood thymus barrier i Similar to BBB prevents leakage of cells c 2 Thymic lobes i Outer cortex central medulla ii Cortex lymphoid stem cells rapidly dividing 1 Daughter cells move to medulla 2 Highly selective 2 survive selection iii Ventricular cells produce thymic hormones 1 Promotes diferentiation of functional T cells IV Other Stuf a Thymic involution i Older involution ii Increases susceptibility to novel pathogens why b Nude c SCID i bubble boy no protection V VI Functions of Lymphatic System a Maintain blood volume chemistry i BP at proximal end of systematic capillary 35mm Hg 1 Forces water solutes into interstitial fluid 2 Lymphoid System returns water a 3 6L day to blood b helps to put H20 back in blood supply Lymphedema a Lymphatic vessel blocked compressed of if valves are damaged b Drainage slows stops swelling c Wears a sleeve to pump fluid VII Functions of Lymphatic System cont a Alternate route for hormones nutrients waste i Immune cells cytokines etc ii Lipids carried to blood stream rather than capillaries VIII Lymphatic Capillaries a Complex network within periphery i Difer from vascular system ii Larger in diameter iii Thinner walls no continuous basal lamina iv Irregular outflow v Anchoring filaments keep open during increasing pressure vi Overlapping not tightly banded endothelial cells 1 Acts as one way valve IX Lymphatic Collecting Vessels a Superficial lymphatics i Subcutaneous sub Q next to skin ii Loose CT of mucus membranes 1 Digestive respiratory urinary reproductive iii Loose CT of serous membranes 1 Pleural pericardial peritoneal X Deep Lymphatics a Accompany deep arteries veins b Collect lymph from smooth muscle organs XI Figure 23 16 Know this a Cervical CN head and neck b Axillary LN trunk from the upper limbs i Female axillary nodes also drain from mammary glands c Popliteal LN thigh from the leg i Inguinal LN monitor lymph at the trunk from lower limbs d Thoracic LN lymph from the lungs respiratory passageways and mediastinal structures e Abdominal LN urinary and reproductive system f Peyer s patches intestinal LN and the mesenterial LN receive lymph originating from the digestive tracts XII Lymphomas a Malignant tumors i Cancerous lymphocytes lymphatic stem cells ii 61 000 cases year in US very high in dogs b Hodgkin s Disease i 1 of 7 lymphoma cases ii 15 35 or over 50 unknown to why these ages iii Infectious agent virus probably involved c Non Hodgkin s lymphomal NHL i Abnormalities in chromosomes 55 of cases XIII Figure 23 4 a Look at the type of drainage XIV Thoracic Duct a Collects lymph from here look in the picture in 23 4 i Cisterna chili receives lymph from inf Abdomen pelvis lower limbs too little of a response pathogen wins too large of a response system kills host XV Lymphocytes a Primary cells of the lymphoid system i Respective for specific immunity b Respond to i Invading organism bacteria viruses ii Abnormal cells cancer virally infected iii Foreign proteins toxins XVI Diferent Types of Lymphocytes a T Cells thymus derived i Travel to thymus from BM become educated b B Cells Bursa if fabricus BM derived i Developed in BM travel to periphery thymus etc c NK Cells natural killer i Seek out destroy non self cells