SPH R 311 1nd Edition Exam 1 Study Guide Lectures 1 4 Lecture 1 August 27 Introduction to Management and Management Theory How is management defined Management is the process of optimally utilizing human resources to achieve predetermined goals and objectives in the most efficient and effective way possible It is a people job and not everyone is cut out to be a manager What is a manager A manager is someone who has a very real desire to work with people and help them succeed Why is it so hard to find a good manager It is hard to find a good manager because many managers don t know the right approach or what to do What are the common management styles 2 The two common management styles are tough guy management and nice guy management Tough guy management involves a manager who says things like It s my way or the highway and It had better be on my desk by the end or the day or else Nice guy management involves a manager who is easily pushed around and wants What are the four traditional functions of management The four traditional functions of management are planning organizing directing and controlling Planning involves developing and formulating the course of action needed to accomplish your objectives Organizing is determining what activities need to be accomplished to get the job done Directing is influencing guiding or supervising employees in their jobs Controlling is monitoring and taking corrective action when necessary How is a new workplace environment defined A new workplace environment is defined as a surge of global competition new technology flattening of organizational hierarchies changing values of today s workers and increasing demands for better customer service What are the new functions of management The new functions of management are to energize empower support and communicate What are the seven traits most often causing failure for a manager The seven traits are having a limited point of view not being able to understand others not being able to work with others indecisiveness lacking initiative not assuming responsibility and lacking integrity What are the six early management survival skills The six early management survival skills are mastery networking entrepreneurship and love of technology marketing and passion for renewal Mastery is the ability to be good at something and contributing something of value to your employer Networking is knowing people within and outside of the organization Entrepreneurship is the ability to act as if you are running your own business and spot ideas and opportunities Love of technology is embracing technology and change with what is newly available Marketing is communicating you success individual and team Passion for renewal is continuing education and updating yourself What are the three management theories The three management theories are classical approach behavioral human relations approach and contemporary modern management foundations Define each of the management theories Classical management approach shares the assumption that people work rationally and consider the opportunities made available to them and do whatever is necessary to achieve the greatest personal and monetary gains Classical management has three people who believed in this approach They were Frederick Taylor Henri Fayol and Max Weber Frederick Taylor believed in the scientific management which linked job requirements to both training for the worker and support from supervisors in the form of proper direction work assistance and monetary incentives Henri Fayol believed in the administrative principles and came up with scholar chain principle unity of command principle and unity of direction principle Max Weber believed in bureaucratic organization which stated that bureaucracies would have the advantages of efficiency in utilizing resources and of fairness or equity in the treatment of employees and clients What are the five disciplines under the contemporary theory The five disciplines under the contemporary theory are mental models personal mastery systems thinking shared visions and team learning What are outcomes based management Outcomes based management is rooted in public and non profits Agency carefully plans and sets priorities with the purpose of realizing quality results rather than quantified results What is strategic management Strategic management is a philosophy that assumes planning improves performance by setting strategies that the staff tries to achieve to strengthen the overall organization Lecture 2 September 3 Leadership Theories What is the difference between management and leadership The manager s job is to plan organize and coordinate They are the administrators they write business plans set budgets and monitor progress Management is a function What are the three leadership styles The three leadership styles are autocratic democratic and laissez faire Autocratic leadership is unidirectional with one way downward communication It keeps strict close control over followers by keeping close regulation of policy s and procedures given to followers Democratic leadership is where the leader and group share in the decision making process Laissez faire leadership is when leaders shy away from the group and decision making responsibilities What are the nine major leadership theories The nine major leadership theories are great man trait contingency situational behavioral participative transactional relationship or transformational and servant leadership Define the nine leadership theories Great man theory states that leadership is inherent and great leaders are born not made Trait theory assumes that people inherent certain qualities and traits that make them better suited to leadership Contingency theory has no leadership style and says that success depends upon a number of variables Situational theory is where leaders choose the best course of action based upon situational variables Behavioral theory is where people can learn to become leaders through teaching and observation Participative theory is taking input of others into account while leading encourage participation and contributions from groups members Transactional theory is the focus on the role of supervision organization and group performance Relationship or transformation theory focus is upon the connections between leaders and followers Leaders motivate and inspire people by helping group members see the importance and higher good of the task Servant leadership