Kines 100: Exercise, Nutrition and Health Last Lecture Outline Lecture 3 1. Role of Research• Objectives• Research Models• Importance of research2. The nature of evidence• Research methodsCurrent Outline 1. Quality of life vs Quantity 2. Health Care Costs 3. What's the difference between Physical activity and Exercise? Quality of Life vs Quantity • Average quantity of life: 77.4 years, ◦ Average quantity of a healthy, unassisted life: 65.8 years ◦ Women generally outlive men• Leading causes of death◦ Heart disease, cancer, stroke, chronic lower respiratory disease, accidents, diabetes, pneumonia/ influenza, Alzheimer, kidney disease and suicide◦ Self determined cause of death is based on how we life → genetics and lifestyle ◦ in industrialized nations? Smoking, poor diet lack of exercise◦ Contributors: lifestyle, health care system, biology and environmentWhy Increase Health care costs? • What has increased the cost◦ pharmaceuticals, technology, malpractice, insurance, figuring out what is wrong (several costly tests), wiped out certain diseases, type of current chronic diseases• How do we lower? ◦ Get everyone to exercise; can cut down chronic disease and health care by 2/3What is the difference between physical activity and exercise? • Physical activity: any body movement carried out by the skeletal muscles requiring energy (everyday tasks)• Exercise: subset of physical activity, planned structured (time, type, distance, frequency) activity that has a designated purpose (maintain fitness/increase fitness level, weight management) • Fitness: ability or capacity; higher fitness, higher ability and capacity to perform using fitness parameter, life demands don't require them to approach maximum levels • Health: the absence of disease, other determinants to ill and not ill. Constantly changing• Risk factors: history, weight, diet, exercise, injury, past medical history, fitness level, mental state • Fitness isn't health, but increasing your fitness will optimize
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