BIO 373 1st Edition Lecture 25 Outline of Last Lecture I. Energy in Ecosystems contda. Efficiencyi. Trophic efficiencyii. Assimilation eggiciencyiii. Production efficiencyiv. Energy efficiencyv. Consumption efficienciesb. Trophic cascadesc. Biogeochemistryi. Nutrients1. Lithosphere2. Atmosphere3. Biosphereii. Nutrient storageOutline of Current LectureI. Global biochemical cyclesa. Poolb. FluxThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.i. Major carbon fluxesc. Nutrient imbalancesd. Earth’s radiation balancee. Global climate changei. Geographic range shiftingii. NPP changesCurrent LectureGlobal Biochemical Cycles- Global biochemical cycleso Pool Reservoir pool of nutrientso Flux the processes influencing the distribution and abundance of organisms, the interactions among organisms, and the interactions between organisms and the transformation of energy and mattero biggest pool of carbon is near rocks benthic sedimentso major carbon fluxes photosynthetic respiration ocean-atmosphere exchange- concentration is greater in the ocean- gradient from atmosphere to ocean deposition and burial- volcanic release- very slow fluxo returning CO2 to atmosphere with volcanic eruptionso nutrient imbalances input/output budget concept- input-outputs= change in storage- if equation isn’t balanced, nutrients must be accumulating or decliningo CO2 removed from oceans/atmosphere (burial and deposition) sediment (weathering and volcanism) CO2 returned to atmosphere Human fossil fuel burning increased the CO2 returned to the atmosphere Accumulation of CO2 in atmosphere, oceans, land is driven by imbalance in first and third major fluxes of global carbon cycle- Fossil fuels cause imbalance- Changing land (getting rid of plants) increases soil composition and flow of CO2 to atmosphere by increasing temperature when you get rid of plantso Rising atmospheric CO2 affects ocean pH CO2 decrease in ocean causes decrease in temperature and vice versa Increased acidity degrades shellso Global climate change Refers to directional change in climate over a period of several decades (global) Geographic ranges of many organisms are shifting- Global climate changes can cause these shifts due to change in temperature affecting resources and environmento With increase in global temperature, shifting north NPP change- Global NPP changes—some areae shift from net CO2 uptake (sink)to net export of CO2
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