BIO 373 1st Edition Lecture 25 Outline of Last Lecture I Energy in Ecosystems contd a Efficiency i Trophic efficiency ii Assimilation eggiciency iii Production efficiency iv Energy efficiency v Consumption efficiencies b Trophic cascades c Biogeochemistry i Nutrients 1 Lithosphere 2 Atmosphere 3 Biosphere ii Nutrient storage Outline of Current Lecture I Global biochemical cycles a Pool b Flux These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute i Major carbon fluxes c Nutrient imbalances d Earth s radiation balance e Global climate change i Geographic range shifting ii NPP changes Current Lecture Global Biochemical Cycles Global biochemical cycles o Pool Reservoir pool of nutrients o Flux the processes influencing the distribution and abundance of organisms the interactions among organisms and the interactions between organisms and the transformation of energy and matter o biggest pool of carbon is near rocks benthic sediments o major carbon fluxes photosynthetic respiration ocean atmosphere exchange concentration is greater in the ocean gradient from atmosphere to ocean deposition and burial volcanic release very slow flux o returning CO2 to atmosphere with volcanic eruptions o nutrient imbalances input output budget concept input outputs change in storage if equation isn t balanced nutrients must be accumulating or declining o CO2 removed from oceans atmosphere burial and deposition sediment weathering and volcanism CO2 returned to atmosphere Human fossil fuel burning increased the CO2 returned to the atmosphere Accumulation of CO2 in atmosphere oceans land is driven by imbalance in first and third major fluxes of global carbon cycle Fossil fuels cause imbalance Changing land getting rid of plants increases soil composition and flow of CO2 to atmosphere by increasing temperature when you get rid of plants o Rising atmospheric CO2 affects ocean pH CO2 decrease in ocean causes decrease in temperature and vice versa Increased acidity degrades shells o Global climate change Refers to directional change in climate over a period of several decades global Geographic ranges of many organisms are shifting Global climate changes can cause these shifts due to change in temperature affecting resources and environment o With increase in global temperature shifting north NPP change Global NPP changes some areae shift from net CO2 uptake sink to net export of CO2 source
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