BIO 373 1st Edition Lecture 10 Outline of Last Lecture I Life History a Complex life cycles b Classification c Survivorship curves d Grimes e Trade offs f Life cycle draw backs g Life cycle benefits Outline of Current Lecture I Complex life cycles contd a Functional specialization II Populations a Issues when studying populations b Population ecology c Population dynamics d Population growth i Exponential 1 Continuous 2 discrete Current Lecture Complex Life Cycles functional specialization o adaptations to function in particular environment i e teeth that function to eat leaves for an herbivore Populations population a group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area environment and interact with each other These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute o interact through reproduction and competition issues when studying populations o same genotype but different phenotypes o studying clones population ecology o distribution of species emerging property of a population o what can you expect about their physiology or habitat based on their distribution o why does one species have a greater distribution than another species climate Coastal region Continental Adaptations o What limits abundance of species over space and time Abundance number of individuals at a site Population density number of individuals of a species in a given population at a site Population dynamics o No population can increase in size forever o All species do have a capacity for rapid population growth Factors that affect growth how to study population growth o Initial population size o How they reproduce and how often o Survivorship birth and death rates o Migration immigration and emigration o Time step how population grows through time Defined by life expectance and how often they reproduce o Life history life cycles Stages that produce offspring Stages that affect survivorship Growth o Exponential growth model Continuous growth individuals continuously reproduce generations overlap and birth and death rate do not change assumption Don t consider immigration and emigration for sake of simplicity dN dt rN o dN dt population growth rate o r per capita intrinsic rate of increase birth rate death rate To project population at any time t o N t N 0 e rt Discrete growth population reproduces in synchrony at discrete time periods and births and deaths don t change assumption Finite rate of increase lambda o Ratio of population size in year t 1 Nt 1 to population size in year t Nt Lambda Nt 1 Nt o Predicts size of population after any number of discrete time periods Nt lamba t N0 In exponential growth population grows multiplicatively As opposed to additively Graph is J shaped exponential o Dots along the curve represent discrete growth and curve represents continuous growth o If graphed on log scale growth appears linear Rate of change is constant
View Full Document
Unlocking...