MUH 2019 Modern Popular Music Exam 2 Study Guide All songs to be covered on the exam are included in this study guide marked in bold A list of songs to be played in class during the exam is included on the last page of this document Early rock n roll the next generation Elvis Presley o Rockabilly Amalgam of African American styles and country blues Hiccupping effect o Early years of career with Sun Records contrasted with rest of career in mainstream with RCA Victor records RCA s goal was to turn him into a mainstream artist without ruining his youth appeal while older music was more hillbilly style o Don t Be Cruel rockabilly effect of hiccupping Folk roots and changes to Valens arrangement Mexican Folk tradition of Son Jarocho more simplistic than other versions Ritchie Valens o La Bamba Early 1960s early soul Sam Cooke Ray Charles Motown Records o Change is Gonna Come Anthem for Civil Rights Movement o You Send Me to be played in class Sentimental Tin Pan Alley Style AABA form subdued rhythm lush vocal background Vocal style crooning with hint of gospel melismas o Georgia on My Mind to be played in class Gritty vocal style authentic to gospel traditions Kept strings and added background Jazz themes call and response o Berry Gordy s Artistic and commercial vision for the company Berry Gordy intended to create African American music that was performed and managed by Black artists and aimed directly at me mainstream without selling out o Little use of 12 bar blues modulation o One of the most successful black owned businesses in history of music industry tight financial and artistic control o The Funk Brothers in house recording band My Girl by the Temptations to be played in class o Romantic song verse chorus form initial bass and guitar hook layering of sound to evoke rising passion instrumental interlude before 3rd verse Stax Records 1 MUH 2019 Modern Popular Music Exam 2 Study Guide o Stax records advocated a raw down home sound that was marketed specifically to African American contrasted to Motown s highly produced sound of young America o Rise of Black militancy reflected in change in musical tone raw unproduced sound o Godfather of Soul headstrong uncompromising maximist emotion minimalist grooves repetition of single words hypnotic syncopated syllables eschewed chords for rhythm and timre secular preaching James Brown The British Invasion reasons for and impact on American society and popular music The Beatles o What contributed to their early success as a British Invasion band first rock n roll group that allowed fans to identify with specific members of the group every member sang played at least one instrument and wrote songs displayed themselves as friends o What distinguishes their songwriting Text painting musical technique of writing music that reflects the literal meaning of a song o Please Please Me o Eleanor Rigby o Yesterday Straightforward up tempo love song on AABA song form representative of the Beatles early songwriting short crisp efficient Look at loneliness from philosophical even spiritual perspective rather than a romantic one Verse chorus form suggests the influence of folk ballads Text painting Specific emotions yet vague situation of the lyrics making the song s theme of broken romance accessible to anyone o His role in the urban folk music movement singer songwriter in the folk revival o His distinctiveness as an artist Originality and intensity of songwriting gift for poetry hard rambling persona based on Woodie Guthrie aggressive rough performance style incorporated used traditional songs and original material o Controversy surrounding Dylan going electric At 1965 Newport Folk Festival appeared with band backing him and electric guitar booed off stage o Like a Rolling Stone Marked by density and intensity full of surreal images and blunt realism The chorus ends with no resolution or answers but offers only a series of questions hurled at the young female subject of the song 2 Bob Dylan MUH 2019 Modern Popular Music Exam 2 Study Guide Late 1960s counterculture o Experimentation and fragmentation into new hybrid subgenres o Geographical center in San Francisco o In reality the countercultural movement of the late 1960s was not a unified movement but rather a range of people with differing opinions on social changes the Vietnam war and music o Monterey Pop Festival 1967 o Woodstock 1969 The Beatles album Sgt Pepper s Lonely Hearts Club Band o At the most foundational level the Beatles 1967 album Sgt Pepper s Lonely Hearts Club Band was innovative because it was conceived as a single work not a collection of songs In addition the album appealed to ideology of the Countercultural Movement because it addressed the listeners as a community creating the allure of a live performance and inviting listeners to participate Carlos Santana o Oye Como Va to be played in class Originally written by Tito Puente as a Big Band Mambo which combines big band instrumentation from swing with Cuban son rhythms and layered ostinatos Different instrumentation electric guitar and organ not focused on lyrics fusion of R B and cha cha cha Importance of Santana to Latin American community and rock Jimmy Hendrix 1970s Rock Comes of Age o Sculptor of sound incorporating feedback distortion and aggressive dissonance o Star Spangled Banner performance at Woodstock imitated bombs airplanes and helicopters exemplified the way in which his performances blurred the boundary between music and noise Major changes in American culture in the early 1970s referred to as the me decade marked by an inward focus of American culture Rock musicians saw themselves as artists constructing and promoting their albums as singles works of art This in turn was furthered by the creation of album oriented radio In addition FM radio stations developed niche marketing that targeted specific audiences reflecting the fragmentation of musical tastes within the rock mainstream David Bowie o Album The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars Importance of Stadium rock and its effect on rock in the 1970s Pink Floyd s album Dark Side of the Moon o General description of the album s concept and musical characteristics 3 MUH 2019 Modern Popular Music Exam 2 Study Guide Marvin Gaye o Album What s Going On Hard Rock Early Heavy Metal Led Zeppelin o Stairway to Heaven General musical characteristics and social significance of songs o Major influences on the genre and description of musical style o
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