DO NOT COPY SURVIVA GUIDE ED 1 Modern Popular Music MUH 2019 Prof Elyse Marrero Midterm Exam Study Guide Terms o Popular Pop Music the difference between classical music and folk music Mass produced Draws upon existing musical traditions o Critical Listening examines positive and negative meanings o Environmental Music pioneered by the Muzac Company o Formal Analysis listening for musical structure its building blocks and the ways in which they are combined o Musical Process Riff a repeated pattern designed to generate rhythmic momentum Hook a memorable musical phrase or riff Groove a term that evokes channeled flow of swinging funky of phat rhythms Timbre the quality of sound a k a tone color o The Musical Business Composer Lyricist write songs and identify the performer s strengths Arranger identifies instruments to assist singer A R Artist Repertoire seek talent Producer convinces board members to back a project develop new talent intervenes in the recording process o Centers v Peripheries the mainstream o Sources of Popular Music called a strophic R B Rhythm Blues Popular Music Identity o Popular Music Centers big recording cities Ex NYC LA or Nashville Peripheries areas that have been historically excluded politically and economically from Ballad a type of song that relies on verses to tell a story often are songs about tragedy Mass produced Accessed through multimedia Listened to by many Draws and builds on preexisting musical traditions Relates to people place socio political condition and institutions Dependent on producers o Identity Difference Gender Social constructions o We try to discern what makes a person male or female Race Ethnicity A social construction of biological differences Socially inherited o Racism is learned Language Dialect Homeland History Religion survivalguidefsu gmail com Page 1 of 15 DO NOT COPY SURVIVA GUIDE ED 1 Fashion cuisine art music Age Important because o Generational differences and or similarities o Cultures based on age o The importance of youth culture in popular music Disability Ability Bodily Difference Sexuality Gay or straight The broad spectrum of sexual practices and identities Place a space that we assign meaning to Basic Concepts o Three Streams of Popular Music European American African American Hispanic Latino American o American Popular Culture Socially agreed upon behavioral patterns Products creations that are shared and valued Influenced by history and memory o Philosophy Theodor Adorno German Philosopher Argues that music industry created the illusion that music defines our individual taste and is not needed Music manipulates our beliefs The Minstrel Show Stephen Foster o The first form of musical and theatrical entertainment acknowledged by Europeans to be distinctly American o Began in 1800s o o What was a performance like Influential to many later styles and genres Whites performed their conceptions of black ideas dress dance dialect Stock characters Zip Coon Jim Crow Songs performed were known as Ethiopian songs plantations songs or coon songs Black performers were known as blackface performers o Minstrelsy Highly offensive Possible Origins cultural expression of race and marginalization downgrading of blacks by urban whites in NYC o Early Minstrelsy Songs performed were based on Irish and Scottish melodies Considered exotic to the English Early Performers George Washington Dixon Thomas Dartmouth Rice o Late 1800s Minstrelsy Standardized for success and profits Standards of Musical Ensemble Institutionalized racism 4 men in blackface Bones and tambourine violin and banjo Mr Interloculer made jokes etc o Minstrel Groups The Virginia Minstrels led by Dan Emmett The standard ensemble survivalguidefsu gmail com Page 2 of 15 DO NOT COPY SURVIVA GUIDE ED 1 Mix of comedy parodies of plantation life References of sex and violence Christy s Original band of Virginia Minstrels by E P Christie Good musicians Sentimental and vocal ballads Toned down subjects wider audience than The Virginia Minstrels Performed compositions by Stephen Foster Depicted in the film Swanee River 1939 Stephen Foster Wrote Camp Town Races First composer of American Popular Music Master of the hook Wrote sentimental songs plantation minstrel songs Old Folks at Home o His biggest hit a plantation song Oh Susanna Jennie with the Light Brown Hair o Minstrelsy in the 20th Century Theater and movies Race records Successful in blues and jazz genres Al Jolson Jazz singer Jewish American Performer in 1930s Loved black culture performed blackface Tin Pan Alley o Rise of the music industry in the late 1800s Produce hit songs for a profit Produce and sell sheet music Large markets for songs performed at venues Could sell upwards of 1 000 000 copies Publisher on 28th Street in NYC started Tin Pan Alley Composers would sit in rooms with a piano and write songs all day Called Tin Pan Alley because of the piano tin sounds Song Plugger promoters of the songs Went to department stores clubs etc and performed the music in hopes of selling sheet music o Vaudeville at the turn of the century Traveling variety groups Helped to popularize Tin Pan Alley songs Lucrative business Tin Pan Alley paid performers to sing the music o Styles and Influences Influential to the 20th Century tunes forms and styles Influenced by Minstrelsy o What were Tin Pan Alley songs about Hispanics Hawaiians o Songs After the Ball written by Charles K Harris Published in 1892 First megahit 5 million copies sold Privacy the home middle class life Romance first person point of view new love love lost love Racial and Sexist themes gendered language ignorance about races blacks Chinese survivalguidefsu gmail com Page 3 of 15 DO NOT COPY SURVIVA GUIDE ED 1 Made 25 000 a month by selling copies Structure o A A B A C o Golden Age of Tin Pan Alley 1920s and 1930s in NYC Jewish Immigrants Irving Berlin and Richard Rogers Written for Broadway Microphone invented in 1925 and was pivotal for crooning Records and radio My Blue Heaven 1927 George Whiting lyrics and Walter Donaldson music o o I Got Rhythm By George and Ira Gershwin Standardized song Syncopation a shift in melodic accents onto the offsets Most recognizable feature of ragtime music Ragtime o From rag the black slang word for syncopation o Origins in New Orleans o Published on piano sheets and piano rolls o Scott Joplin Wrote a ballet and two operas Most famous works Treemonisha Maple Leaf Rag o Creoles New Orleans of a mixed race New Orleans Jazz
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