Chapter 7: Study Items"Top 40" radio programming (155): Payola (155): a practice that involved record companies paying DJs to put their records in “heavy rotation”. New Technology (156-158):*magnetic tape: a new way of recording music. Tape captured the full range of musical sounds and allowed musicians to rerecord over unsatisfactory parts and add layers of sound.*FM radio: frequency modulation. Used higher frequency than AM which gave it better sound quality and was not disrupted by electrical disturbances as often. *LPs: Long playing discs that could play 20 minutes of music.*45s: a 7 inch 45 r.p.m that held a single song. People could make a stack of 45s and use the record changer to have a stack of favorites.*television: Had such a big success because of the use of recorded and live music performances. Bobby soxers (160): fans of swing music, usually teenage girls. Billboard: a music trade journal (81): A magazine that is devoted to the music industry. First issued in 1894."Rhythm & Blues" and "Country & Western" (173-74): a more dignified way of saying race records. Became much popular as radio stations expanded.WDIA, Memphis (174): first radio station dedicated to a black audience."covering" a song or "cover version" (176): a new performance of a song already recorded. Usually a white artist sings a song recorded by a black artist.Jump blues (176): the first commercially successful category of rhythm and blues. ListeningFrank Sinatra (1915-1998): "Nancy (With the Laughing Face)" (1945) and "Theme from New York, New York" (1980)Nat "King" Cole (1917-1965): "Unforgettable" (1950) and "Mona Lisa" (1950)The Weavers: "Goodnight Irene" (1950)Pérez Prado (1916-1989): "Mambo No. 5" (1949)Louis Jordan (1908-1975): "Choo Choo Ch'Boogie" (1946)Charles Brown (1922-1999): "Black Night" (1951)Muddy Waters (1915-1983): "I'm Your Hoochie Coochie Man" (1954)The Dominoes: "Sixty Minute Man" (1951) and "Have Mercy Baby"Ruth Brown (1928-2006): "Mama, He Treats Your Daughter Mean" (1953)"Big Mama" Thornton (1926-1984): "Hound Dog" (1953)Bill Monroe (1911-1997): "It's Mighty Dark to Travel" (1947)Hank Williams (1923-1953): "I'm So Lonesome I Could Cry" (1949) and "Hey, Good Lookin' " (1951)Eddy Arnold (1918-2008): "Make the World Go Away" (1965)Kitty Wells (b. 1919): "It Wasn't God Who Made Honky-Tonk Angels"
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