Bio 240 SI final review session facilitated diffusion a protein helps move a solute across the membrane faster Two types of proteins Channel vs Carrier pipe like proteins that allow diffusion channels bidirectionally Are specific carriers proteins that under a conformational change Are specific and bidirectional What is the monomer for each of the following macromolecules Carbohydrates Polypeptides Nucleic acids Lipids What is the monomer for each of the following macromolecules Carbohydrates monosaccharides Polypeptides amino acids Nucleic acids nucleotides Lipids depends fatty acids The formation and breakdown of macromolecules involves two types of reactions Hydrolysis vs Condensation also called condensation the loss and creation of a water molecule between two monomers in the creation of a macromolecule also called dehydration condensation the splitting of a water molecule to reinsert it between two monomers of a macromolecule in the process of breaking the macromolecule down hydrolysis There are two general terms describing the mixing properties of a molecule Hydrophobic vs Hydrophillic Hydro phobic water hating molecule molecules with nonpolar bonds usually composed of mostly Carbon and Hydrogen Hydro phillic water loving molecule molecules that are polar usually have Oxygen Nitrogen Fluorine atoms Protists and bacteria are grouped into different domains because a protists eat bacteria b bacteria are not made of cells c bacterial cells lack a nucleus d bacteria decompose protists e protists are photosynthetic Protists and bacteria are grouped into different domains because a protists eat bacteria b bacteria are not made of cells c bacterial cells lack a nucleus d bacteria decompose protists e protists are photosynthetic All of the following occurs during anaphase except a shortening of kinetochore microtubules b separation of sister chromatids c shortening of non kinetochore microtubules d elongation of the cell e depolymerization of microtubules at the kinetochore end All of the following occurs during anaphase except a shortening of kinetochore microtubules b separation of sister chromatids c shortening of non kinetochore microtubules d elongation of the cell e depolymerization of microtubules at the kinetochore end Homologous chromosomes move toward opposite poles of a dividing cell during a mitosis b meiosis I c meiosis II d fertilization e binary fission Homologous chromosomes move toward opposite poles of a dividing cell during a mitosis b meiosis I c meiosis II d fertilization e binary fission The following are functional groups which are responsible for most of the chemical reactivity of molecules What are their names NH2 COOH PO4 The following are functional groups which are responsible for most of the chemical reactivity of molecules What are their names NH2 COOH PO4 amino carboxyl phosphate How do we calculate the molecular weight of methane H H C H H Atomic weight of Hydrogen Atomic weight of Carbon 1 008 amu 12 01 amu How do we calculate the molecular weight of methane H H C H H Atomic weight of Hydrogen Atomic weight of Carbon 1 008 amu 12 01 amu 4 1 008 amu 1 12 01 amu 16 042 amu 16 04 g mol Identify the incorrect statement about the genetic code a anti codons consist of ribonucleotide triplets in mRNA b mRNA is complementary to the DNA template c mRNA is anti parallel to DNA template d the genetic code is universal among all organisms with few exceptions e most amino acids have more than one codon Identify the incorrect statement about the genetic code a anti codons consist of ribonucleotide triplets in mRNA b mRNA is complementary to the DNA template c mRNA is anti parallel to DNA template d the genetic code is universal among all organisms with few exceptions e most amino acids have more than one codon The three terms describe tonicity of a cell or the concentration of the solution a cell is in Hypertonic vs Hypotonic vs Isotonic the solution is less concentrated with solutes than the hypotonic inside of the cell the solution is more concentrated with solutes than the hypertonic inside of the cell the solution has a concentration equal with that of the isotonic inside of the cell What are the names of the organelles components of a typical cell Diagram of a typical eukaryotic cell showing subcellular components Organelles 1 nucleolus 2 nucleus 3 ribosome 4 vesicle 5 rough endoplasmic reticulum ER 6 Golgi apparatus 7 Cytoskeleton 8 smooth ER 9 mitochondria 10 vacuole 11 cytoplasm 12 lysosome 13 centrioles within centrosome Functions of membrane proteins include all of the following except a cell cell recognition b enzymatic activity c signal transduction d cell motility e transport Functions of membrane proteins include all of the following except a cell cell recognition b enzymatic activity c signal transduction d cell motility e transport Geometric isomers a include linear pentane and iso pentane b differ in their arrangement around a carbon carbon double bond C C c differ in their arrangement around an asymmetric carbon d refer to left and right hand forms e have different molecular formulas Geometric isomers a include linear pentane and iso pentane b differ in their arrangement around a carbon carbon double bond C C c differ in their arrangement around an asymmetric carbon d refer to left and right hand forms e have different molecular formulas There are a lot of opposites regarding thermodynamics Catabolic vs anabolic Exergonic vs endergonic Exothermic vs enderthermic breaking down complex molecules into more catabolism simple molecules releases energy making simple molecules into more complex anabolism molecules requires energy exergonic releases energy referring to the free energy Endergonic absorbs energy referring to the free energy Exothermic Releases heat referring to enthalpy or heat endothermic Absorbs heat referring to enthalpy or heat An enzyme is a biological catalyst Other molecules can interact with enzymes whether they be regulatory molecules or substrates A substrate is a molecule that is a part of the reaction the enzyme catalyzes What is the difference between An active site vs an allosteric site the part of the enzyme where there is specificity for a substrate Non substrate molecules can bind to it if they conform correctly active site allosteric site a nonactive site of the enzyme any part of the enzyme that is not where a substrate would bind Mendel studied characters which had genetics that showed complete dominance What is the