MUH 2019 Modern Popular Music Review Sheet Exam 4 Reminder Exam will be held on Thursday April 30th at 10 00 am Heavy Metal 1 Origins original heavy metal band Heavy metal music grew from musical interactions between America and England Early English heavy metal bands Led Zeppelin Deep Purple Black Sabbath Early American heavy metal bands Blue Cheer the Mc5 2 Black Metal Norwegian roots included bands such as Mayhem Gorgoroth Dimmu and Borgir Black Metal can be described as heavy metal with lyrics pertaining to Satan or the supernatural 3 Musical roots of heavy metal Heavy metal functions in different ways The Blues Rhythm and Blues Rock and Roll Skiffle Rock Resistance to the establishment A means to shock and disturb polite society Perpetuation of culture Vehicle to unite individuals Catharsis It confronts what we d rather ignore It celebrates what we often deny And it indulges in what we fear most Early Hip hop 1 Socioeconomic context in the Bronx late 1970s Postindustrial state of cities lack of federal funding housing crisis urban decay Post civil rights era new equalities for African Americans yet neglect of social consciousness by government and society 2 Musical roots predecessors Disco was a prominent root of early hip hop because of new mixing technologies DJ s used this technology to create an uninterrupted stream of songs Since there was a negative reaction to disco it made crossing over to the hip hop genre difficult for African American musicians 3 4 components of hip hop culture alternative identity for youth in marginalized urban spaces Rooted in specific local experience or urban space Graffiti Breakdancing DJ MC rapping Emerged as 4 Kool Herc Born in Jamaica 1955 His big break included spinning in clubs and parks He used breaks and bridges from other records and sampled b beats from a diverse array of musical sources Kool Herc collaborated with MC Coka not rap but announced and hyped the crowd 5 Grandmaster Flash Innovator of several DJ techniques punch phrasing break spinning and back spin Allowed DJ to repeat phrases Foundation of public enemy s techniques and others Flash and Furious Five 1982 The Message established the rapper MC as central to hip hop Rapper Melle Mel Established social realism in rap Presents grim portrait of life in south Bronx Mixture of humor and images of desperation Second half in toast style delivery The Message was the first dominant rap group with the most dominant MC saying something that meant something It was also the first song to tell with hip hop s rhythmic and vocal force the truth about modern inner city life in America This is a song that without exaggeration changed rap music s tone and content forever With its hard boiled chorus It s like a jungle sometimes It makes me wonder how I keep from going under and unflinching observation of the perils and anxieties of contemporary urban life The Message compelled Hip Hop records away from their early emphasis on party anthems and empty braggadocio and toward the fearless social commentary that has dominated many of the form s most important recordings since 6 Afrika Bambataa Early influential DJ Techno sound Planet Rock Founder of Zulu Nation fought against crime and gang culture Influenced the development of global hip hop including French rapper MC solar 7 Sugar Hill Gang Rapper s Delight Sugar Hill gang 1979 independent label Commercial breakthrough for hip hop Over 1 million copies sold by 1980 Sparked a series of commercial hit singles Hip hop in the 1990s Gangsta Rap 8 N W A Members O Shea Ice Cube Jackson Andre Dr Dre Young Eric Eazy E Wright who was also the founder of Ruthless Records 1986 1989 album Straight Outta Compton Controversial by portraying Los Angeles gang life without moral distancing Ice Cube leaves and goes on to successful solo career 9 Public Enemy production team aka The Bomb Squad paramilitary bodyguards S1W Formed in New York City Leader Chuck D MC Flavor Flav DJ Terminator X Advanced Black Nationalism and Afro centricity Politically and technically advanced lyrics It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back 1988 and Fear of a Black Planet 1990 Their ultimate political message was to stop racism and fight the power 10 Queen Latifah Dana Elaine Owens Provided alternative to misogynist braggadocio of gangsta rap Balanced feminism with racial solidarity Debut album on Tommy Boy records 1989 All Hail the Queen Hit single Ladies First Influenced by R B 11 Gangsta Rap and Violence Gangsta rap stylized images combining a survivalist outlook with a celebration of the gangster lifestyle providing a chronicle of dilemmas faced by urban communities Controversy surrounding uncompromising lyrics Campaign to Stop the Violence 1989 album all star line up of rap artists which was aimed at ending black on black violence Tricia Rose Believes that violence pervades American culture Critics wrongly interpret rap lyrics as autobiographical Equate rappers with thugs and thus threat to society Made possible thru history of racist assumptions Yet hip hop does reflect social realities neither fiction nor truth The origins for context specific stories involving guns drugs street culture and crime are directly related to combination of drastic changes in social life community and policies of neglect that destroyed neighborhood stability in much of black urban America Hip hop outside the U S DAM First Palestinian hip hop group Message of the song in reference to the broader Israeli Palestinian Conflict Similarities to the video for Grandmaster Flash s The Message El G n ral Hamada Ben Amor Rais Lebled President of the Country December 2010 In Rais lebled El G n ral wields Ben Ali s consoling words to the crying child as a weapon against the regime He even opens the second verse by saying Mr President you told me to speak without fear The trope of the ruler as father figure is common to government propaganda throughout the world but it has a particularly strong resonance in the narratives that Middle Eastern regimes have constructed for themselves El G n ral turns this paternalistic conceit around on Ben Ali He condemns the government s severe discrimination against observant Muslim women by rapping I see the police beat women for wearing headscarves Would you accept that for your daughter But you re still a father You would not accept evil being done to your children Alors This is a message from one of your children He calls for a society that provides dignity economic
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