Clinical Study Guide Exam 2 Chapter 6 1 What is reliability What is validity a Validity is the test measuring what you are trying to measure b Reliability the extent to which an assessment technique yields consistent repeatable results 2 What are the different types of reliability and validity a Reliability Interrater consistency of results across different administrations i ii Test Retest consistency of results across multiple administrations at different times b Validity i Content extent to which the assessment has content appropriate for what is being measured ii Discriminant assessment does NOT correlate with assessments that measure something else only measuring what we are trying to measure iii Criterion Related related 1 Predictive does this predict something in the future that is 2 Concurrent correlated with independent measures of the same thing at same time 3 How are reliability and validity related a b If something is valid it is usually reliable If something is reliable it does not mean that it is valid 4 What is a referral and how does it impact assessment a The reason the client is seeking treatment testing b Gives you a place to start because you know the reason as to why someone is seeking treatment 5 What is an interview What are the essentials and techniques that should be kept in mind when conducting an interview a An interaction with a goal in mind b Physical arrangements comfortable not too many personal items neutral c Note taking and recording make sure you have consent d Rapport establish a comfortable relationship for the client 6 What is rapport and why is it important a Small talk first to put client at ease with first assessment speak in clients terms acknowledge weirdness of situation make them feel comfortable 7 In what ways do interviews differ In the purpose such as intake admission case history mental status exam crisis interview diagnostic interviews and in structure they can be unstructured structured or semi structured 8 Know about the 5 types of interviews a a Intake Admission determine why the client is seeking services judge whether the agency can meet the client s needs inform the client about what to expect b Case History gather complete personal and social history provides a context of family medical prior treatment education employment etc c Mental Status Exam general presentation orientation do they know where they are date time year etc attention and calculation recall language complex commands d Crisis Interview meet problems as they occur and provide an immediate resource deflect potential for a disaster encourage person to enter a relationship with clinician e Diagnostic arrive at a DSM IV diagnosis 9 What are differences between structured and unstructured interviews a Structured are a set of questions which are asked in the same order every time there is no room for improvisation unstructured allow the clinician to ask any item they want gives them more freedom Chapter 7 1 How has intelligence been defined a No universal definition but definitions usually emphasize adjustment or adaptation street smarts the ability to learn book smarts and abstract thinking manipulating symbols concepts 2 How did Spearman and Thurstone differ in their conceptualizations of intelligence How are their ideas reflected in current conceptualizations of intelligence How are they reflected in current IQ tests a Spearman believed in a g factor of general intelligence and s factors of specific intelligence intelligence is one thing general level of intelligence that dictates specific areas how you would perform different tasks b Thurstone believed in no single g factor intelligence is many things g is related to s which is related to your abilities to succeed on certain tasks c The FSIQ reflects Spearman s idea of full scale IQ you receive a general score d Reflected in current conceptualizations because many people believe that they are intelligent in certain areas more than others e The subscale scores reflect Thurstone s idea of specific abilities the idea that you can be more intelligent in certain areas 3 What are the differences between Ratio IQ and Deviation IQ a Ratio IQ divides mental age by chronological age in order to give you your IQ score not good because your CA changes and seems like your IQ is decreasing when in reality it is stable b Deviation IQ involves a comparison of an individual s performance on an IQ test with that of his or her age peers 4 What are the correlates of IQ Do gender differences in IQ exist a The correlates of IQ are school success occupational status and job performance b Gender differences include that males are better with spatial and quantitative tasks whereas women are better at verbal tasks but no differences in overall IQ 5 What is the evidence that IQ is heritable Is IQ fixed a Evidence from behavioral genetics studies twin studies show that IQ scores are more similar between MZ twins than DZ twins and other siblings IQ is not fixed can change over time and environment becomes less important as people grow older b 6 What is the Flynn Effect a IQ scores increase approximately 3 points each decade which could reveal that we are getting smarter or just more used to items on IQ tests 7 What are the common IQ assessments What do they have in common How are they different FSIQ a Stanford Binet one test same test for all age groups subtests b Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale WAIS 3 different scales subsets of c Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children WISC similar structure FSIQ d Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence WPPSI fewer and different subtest scores scales not as extensive e They all have an FSIQ to measure intelligence as a whole along with subtest IQ s so they can measure certain areas they all have different scales and they are all for different age groups 8 Why are intelligence tests used a To estimate general intellectual level and a prediction of academic success 1 What is personality Chapter 8 a Distinct enduring pattern of thoughts feelings and behaviors most of the time in most situations 2 What are the common characteristics of projective tests a Stimulus is unstructured examinees forced to impose their own structure indirect freedom of response and interpretation of many variables 3 Describe the Rorschach and how it is administered and scored a Use of inkblots to assess personality emotional functioning and diagnoses 10 cards with symmetrical inkblots 5 black and white 5 colored b
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