Concepts ISA Ideological State Apparatus An organization not a person that propagates the ideologies of the hegemonic force through means of social and psychological effects In other words you are taught to believe that the hegemony s ideas are best and should be supported Examples Church School Media News TV Film Internet Advertising Books Family Government political system RSA Repressive State Apparatus An organization not a person that enforces the ideologies of hegemony though the use of violence or force In other words these are the groups that make sure you follow the laws of the ruling power This is a less effective means of staying in power Some examples Police Military Prison Court System Ideology system of ideas Example certain religions have an ideology about gender compliments of men Hegemony Ruling social political and cultural forces For example In our culture Middle upper class moderate white males WASP Meritocracy Myth Meritocracy system in which people get ahead according to their merit o o o o o o o The impact of merit on economic outcomes is overestimated o o Merit is partly a product of environment and social conditions o Factors unrelated to merit nonmerit factors neutralize or negate the effects of individual merit Imagined Community concept coined by Anderson different from an actual community because it is not based on everyday interaction o o For example Anderson believes that a nation is a socially constructed community imagined by the people who perceive themselves as part of the group Imagined because the members of even the smallest nation will never know most of their fellow members yet in the mind of each lives the image of their communion Stereotypes defined as conventional formulaic and usually oversimplified conception opinion or belief a person group event or issue considered to typify or conform to an unvarying pattern o Stereotypes are also inflexible they do not adequately describe the complexities of the real world instead merely summarizing it in the broadest possible terms Arab Stereotypes The Sheik rich pursuing power wealth Western women o o Maidens mute subservient erotic belly dancers queens or princesses o o Egyptians violent proverty stricken mummies Palestinians portrayed as terrorists African American Stereotypes The brute black savage man hideous who target helpless victims Criminal black man The coon abbreviation of raccoon young black men who disrespected whites The time black males that are faithful happy servants The mammy black women who were content and happy as slaves The jezebel black women as erotic by nature The sapphire black women as rude loud stubborn overbearing Angry black women o o o o o o o o o Welfare queen people accused for welfare payments through fraud or manipulation o o o Magical negro has special powers to help white protaginists Picaninny black children portrayed as nameless buffoons running toward fried chicken Tragic mulatto Hays Production Code Code produced when transitioning from silent to talking films o No picture shall be produced that will lower the moral standards of viewers hence the sympathy o of the audience should never sympathize the side of crime wrongdoing evil or sin A very conservative way of producing film moral obligation right from wrong Gender Theory field of study that is devoted to gender identity gender representation Components of Masculinity Microaggressions Subtle stunning often automatic and non verbal exchanges which are put downs Often unconsciously delivered in the form of subtle snubs or dismissive looks gestures and tones o Microassult o Microinsult o Microinvalidation White Privilege set of societal privileges that white people are argued to benefit from beyond those commonly experienced by people of color in the same social political or economical space o Denotes obvious nonobvious unspoken advantages that whites might not recognize The Other individual who is perceived by the group as not belonging or as being different in some fundamental way The group sees itself as the norm and judges those who do not meet that norm o Example a different race white vs non white OR a different origin native born vs immigrant Gender Roles defined as a set of social and behavioral norms that are generally considered appropriate for either a man or a women in a social or interpersonal relationship o Differ based on cultural historical context Heteronormative the normative and normalizing power of heterosexuality in representation subjectivity legality and discipline 342 LGBTQ Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Questioning Feminism describes a political cultural or economic movement aimed at establishing equal rights and legal protection for women o Feminism involves political cultural and sociological theories as well as philosophies concerned with issues of gender difference Sexuality a person s sexual orientation or preference Class system of ordering a society in which people are divided into sets based on perceived social or economic status Race each of the major divisions of human kind based on physical characteristics such as colors creeds ethnicity culture language history etc Definitions Multiculturalism affirms the worth of different types of culture and cultural groups Kellner p 3 o o Cultural studies analyze hegemonic or ruling forces of domination Seeks counterhegemonic forces of resistance and struggle Language Film language is all the techniques filmmakers use to tell a story on the screen including camera distance angle and movement editing and sound Representation the description or portrayal of someone or something in a particular way or as being of a certain nature o Pertaining to film gender race class are represented by their stereotypes Film Noir subjects come fro the underworld of pulp fiction Usually deal with crime or criminal actions that disturbs disorientates or induces anxiety in the viewer Nationalism There is no scientific definition for nation nationality or nationalism A scientific definition comprises the idea of repeatability and predictability among other things o Femme Fatale an attractive seductive women who will ultimately bring disaster to a man that falls for her Spider Woman Dress defines the woman Long hair make up and jewelry Nature is sexual o o o Expressed by self absorbed narcissism Self interest rather than devotion to a man She is not to be trusted Nurturing Woman Opposite female archetype Juxtaposed against the femme fatale she is viewed
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