Chapter 1 The Dynamic Environment of HRM Understanding Cultural Environments Globalization a process of interactions and integration among the people companies and governments of different nations driven by international trade and investment accelerated by informational technology technologies o HRM needs to adapt to different cultures systems and o Different emphasis such as ascribed status or achieved status o Different societies such as individualistic or collective Multinational corporations corporations with significant operations in more than one country o Growth of international trade The Changing World of Technology The internet allowed for quick communication across countries and continents Technology has allowed for mass manufacturing on a global scale What is a knowledge worker o They are individuals whose jobs are designed around the acquisition and application of information o Make up 1 3 of US workforce How technology affects HRM practices o HRM workers have become the primary source of information in organizations o Recruiting Posting jobs on the internet and company sites o Employee Selections Internet tools allow screening of applicants o Training and Development Internet based web training o Ethics and Employee Rights o Motivating Knowledge Workers o Paying Employees Market Values o Communications o Decentralized Work Sites o Skill Levels o A Legal Concern Workforce Diversity Companies strive to make their workplace welcoming to diverse groups o The Workforce today profits Organizations that celebrate worker diversity get higher New laws opportunities for women and minorities Workforce diversity the varied personal characteristics that make the workforce heterogeneous Average age of workers is increasing o How Diversity affects HRM Human resource practice have adapted to reflect Hire more minorities promote diversity training for diversity changes employees Employers must recognize different characteristics among diversity groups o What is a Work Life balance It is important for employers to hire and retain good high quality employees Employers must work with their worker s personal lives The Labor Supply Do we have a shortage of skilled labor o Shortage of skilled labor due to birthrates and labor participation rates o Baby boomers individuals born between 1946 and 1965 Why Do Organizations lay off employees during shortages o Downsizing an activity in an organization aimed at creating greater efficiency by eliminating certain jobs This has been occurring throughout the world Part of goal of balancing staff to meet changing needs o Rightsizing linking employee needs to organizational strategy How do organizations balance labor supply o Contingent workforce part time temporary and contract workers used by organizations to fill peak staffing needs or perform work not done by core employees Issues Contingent workers create for HRM o They may not get the same benefits as core workers therefore may not treat their work as seriously Motivational issues o They may not get along with core workers and employers need to adjust to their needs Continuous Improvements Programs o Quality managements organizational commitment to continuous process of improvement that expands the definition of customer to include everyone involved in the organization o Continuous improvement organizational commitment to constantly improving quality of products or services o Work Process engineering Radical quantum change in an organization Rethinking or redesigning processes used to accomplish organizational goals with objective of improvements in efficiency and competitiveness o How HRM can support improvement Programs Must communicate change and effects of change to employees Employee Involvement her job o Can be defined as giving each worker more control over his or o Requires delegation participative management developing work teams goal setting and employee training o Leads to developing more productive employees who are more loyal and committed to the organization Why ethics is important in the work place o Ethics refer to rules or principals that define right and wrong o More focal point of proper organizational citizenship Chapter 2 Fundamentals of Strategic HRM 02 25 2013 Why is HRM important to an Orgnization Management process of efficiently completing activities with and through people Planning a management function focusing on setting organizational goals and objectives Organizing management function that deals with determining what jobs are to be done by whom where decisions are to be made and how to group employees Leading management functions concerned with directing the work of others Controlling management function concerned with monitoring activities to ensure goals are met The Strategic Nature Cost Differentiation provide great value and low cost o Low cost materials reducing waste maximizing efficiencies Product Differentiation deliver product service that is similar to competitors but incorporates a feature that differentiates it o Creativity and innovations make product service that stands out Customer Intimacy strong personal relationship between provider of product service and customer o Personalized service Customer market focus unique target market characteristics o Emphasized needs of a specific market Strategic Human Resource Management aligning HR policies and decisions with the organizational strategy and mission o Connection between goals of organization and activities of the people who work there o Linking daily tasks and achievement of a purpose or a goal HRM Functions a Staffing i Recruiting ii Employee training and development iii Keeping employees up to date with skills knowledge and ii selection b Training and development i Orientation abilities c Motivation i Performance appraisals ii Employee benefits iii Rewards d Maintenance i Safety and health ii Communication iv Helping employees exert at high energy levels iii Maintaining employee commitment and loyalty to the iv Communication programs designed to provide information organization to employees How External Influences Affect HRM Labor Union acts on behalf of its members to secure wages hours and other terms and conditions of employment o way for workers to deal with the management of an organization Management Thought Early theories of management that promoted today s HRM operations o Scientific management set of principles designed to enhance worker productivity o Hawthorne Studies a series of