Look at relationships between pathogens and hosts Short answer matching infectious agents and diseases Nobel prize helicobacter digestive tract Dtp diphtheria tetanus pertussis whooping cough MMR viral vaccine measles mumps rubella Skin not a good place for most bacteria physical and chemical mechanisms normal flora most are gram Strep and Staph Diphtheroids yeasts Staph can cause folliculitic farfunlces carbuncles Toxemia Scalded skin TSS Strep Pseudomonas gram Viral Skin Herpes can not be cured hides latency VZV chickenpox and shingles Smallpox Paramyxovirus measles rubeola Togavirus german measles rubella Roseola HHV 6 and 7 rash EYES Nervous system Meningitis vs Encephalitis LOOK AT LISTEriOSIS Bacteria can grow in subarachnoid space of CNS Listeria monocytogenes g Rod still birth and neurological diseases usually foodbornes transmitted to fetus reproduce in phagocytes phage treatment in ready to eat meat Tetanis clostridium tetani spore forming g obligate anaerobe Botulism clostridium botulinum Know tularemia and brucellosis zoonomic PAY ATTENTioN TO herpes VIRUS EBV first human tumor virus Common cold what causes usually a mixture List at least 4 STDs agents ones with vaccines what types for at least 2 Everything above is random notes I scribbled during the review on Friday Microbiology Final Skin defense mechanisms include o dry o lysozyme hydrolyzes peptidoglycan o fatty acids o defensins antimicrobial peptides o salty Bacteria Flora include Infections caused by o Staph Aeureus o Mostly g staph strep diphtheroids in hair follicles yeasts Folliculitis farfuncles carbuncles toxemias scalded skin syndrome and Toxic shock syndrome when bacteria enters the blood stream o Strep Group A M protein exotoxin A Can cause impetigo erysipelas upper layer of skin Necrotizing fascilitis flesh eating o Pseudomonas g Unique metabolism survive on traces of organic substances in soap can be found in soil and water Can cause dermatitis ottis externa wound and burn infections Distinguished by a blue green pus Viral Infections of the skin Human Papilloma Virus Herpes Simplex Virus o Warts vaccine exists against a few strains o HHSV 1 HHSV 2 cold sores and encephalitis o Valicella Zoster chicken pox and shingles live attenuated virus vaccine o HHSV6 7 Roseola o Acyclovar may lessen symptoms Pox Virus variola virus o small pox Paramyxovirus o Rubeola AKA measles o Infects via respiratory route o Macular rash koplick s spots o MMR vaccine Togavirus o Rubella AKA German Measles o Congenital rubella syndrome severe fetal damage o MMR vaccine The Eyes Bacteria Conjunctivitus pink eye most common cause Haemophilus Influenzae Neisseria gonnorrhoeae gram o Causes neonatal ophthalmia can be treated with antibiotic ointment Chlamydia Trachomatis o Inclusion conjunctivitis inflammation of the conjuncta can be spread at birth swimming pool treated with antibiotics o Trachoma Leading cause of blindness due to scarring of the cornea Viral HHSV 1 o Keratitis inflammation of the cornea can cause blindness o Viral conjunctivitus Adenovirus o Shipyard eye o Viral conjunctivitus o The Nervous System Bacteria can grow in the cerebrospinal fluid in the subarachnoid space in the Blood Brain Barrier capillaries that prevent the passage of some materials CNS into the CNS Septicemia Complications of CNS often lead to Meningitis inflammation of the meninges Encephalitis inflammation of the brain bacteria in the blood sepsis is the toxic reation to septicemia generally a G LPS released upon cell lysis antibiotics worsen by killing bacteria blood pressure decrease Gram positives lead to Toxic Shock think of S aureus generally nosocomial infections Staphs and Streps Rapid release of cytokines cells used for signaling Fever chills accelerated heart beat BP decrease organ failure Bacteria Bacterial meningitis referred to as sepsis High mortality Three common causes others include listeria TB staph and strep Hemophilus Influenzae young children normal throat flora vaccines are all conjugated carbohydrates fever headache stiff neck nausea vomiting convulsions and coma treatment first choice is cephaolsporins o Capsule and antigen B o Hib Vaccine to prevent Neisseria Meningitis o Meningococcal meningitis o College students highly recommended to get vaccine o About 70 are healthy carriers Streptococcus Pneumoniae young children o Mortality in elderly and young o About 70 are healthy carriers Listeriosis Listeria Monocytogenes Often leads to still birth Food poisoning reproduces in phage treated foods phagocytes 2011 outbreak Tetanus g spore forming Colstritium Tetani Infects deep wounds Relaxation of muscles blocked by tetanospasm DTP vaccine and dT booster Treat with immune globin Botulism g spore forming clostritium botulinium flaccid paralysis caused by a toxin that blocks the neurotransmitter release Leprosy acid fast rod mycobacterium leprae must have prolonged contact for transmission Viral Poliomyelitis ingestion of the stable virus acid stable initial symptoms just sore throat and nausea but can enter the CNS and lead to viremia salk vaccine inactivated sabin vaccine live attenuated rhabdovirus transmitted by animal bite furious and paralytic types Rabies multiplies in skeletal then brain cells fatal encyphelitis hydrophobia rabies vaccine treated with vaccine and R immune globin Arboviral Encephalitis controlling of mosquitos to prevent many viruses included but Equine Encephalitis is most severe horses and men are dead end hosts sentinel chickens used to detect other encephalitis caused by Herpes post measles SSPE sheep scrapie Creutzfeldt Jakob encephalitis caused by prions spongeform Kuru Bovine spongiform Chronic and Fatal The Heart generally a predisposing condition for infections congenital heart defect endocarditis inflammation of endocardium o subacute strep staph entero dental procedures and body piercings may initiate o acute S aureus pericarditis o strep from pneumonia and pleurisy o Rheumatic Fever o S pyogenes o Autoimmune complication of infection leads to inflammation of the heart valves o Killed more school aged children in the US than all other diseases combined in the early 20th century Zoonotic Bacterial Diseases Plague o Yersinia Pestis g enteric o Transmitted from a flea bite coming from rodents o 3 types Bubonic bacterial growth in blood and lymphs Pneumonic bacteria in the lungs endemic in SW united Septicemia septic shock states o Treat with tetracyclines Lyme disease o Borrelia Burgdorferi o
View Full Document
Unlocking...