Part 1 Consider their reactions to Lincoln s speech then write an essay comparing the views of any three of these men with Lincoln s views on liberty freedom and equality one must be from 17th 18th centuries place all ideas within the circumstances of the lives of their authors and the context of the times in which they wrote giving due consideration to the events which shaped their lives Lincoln 1861 during this time there was a rebellion against the government uprising because the government is abridging right to suffrage Key Points in Lincoln s Address to Congress Warning against returning to absolute power One can not gain capital without labor The worker is more important than the capitalist The worker can exist without the capitalist but not vice versa Capital and labor can be mutually beneficial It is natural for the independent capitalist to mingle with the labor The just system of labor Beginner works for minimum wages and saves money With saved money he buys tools or land for himself Labors on his own for a while and gains more capital Hires a beginner to work for him Beginner engages in the same process etc Country has been growing we need to make improvements to ensure a strong future A sustainable future requires no slavery free hired labor for life Winthrop 1630 1640 s just got to America strong religious views fleeing England because of the conditions there Believed that all men were not created equal Some high and mighty and others low and in subjection We were all made that way so that society could function closed christian utopian corporate community Would disagree with Lincoln that a laborer should be able to rise in the social ladder through hardwork and saving money Winthrop believed that every person had a set role in society that could not change A laborer was a laborer for life would likely not support idea that laborer was more important than capitalist who were higher on the social ladder would support idea of capitalists laborers being mutually beneficial for greater good of society Work together for benefit of all Skidmore A Plan for Equalizing Property 1829 the working class party should prevail that accumulators and inherited land owners were just parasites that thrived off of no labor he believed that the labors should have the land or even equal rights to land because he sincerely believed that the working labor class worked the hardest and deserved to have a competency and land Fitzhugh Southern Thought 1857 slavery natural normal and necessary part of society slavery governs weak poor and ignorant like capitalism can t slave system series of subordinations in which everyone contributes to the common good of the community family slavery necessary for health of country in future not a hindrance capitalism worse than slavery slavery protects the worker while capitalism hangs their workers out to dry to suffer from hunger and poverty capitalism Adam Smith is every man for himself No protection for weak Contrast Lincoln sees workers capitalists working together for each others mutual benefit Part 2 Using TWO of these perspectives compare and contrast the meaning and nature of freedom in the post emancipation South your analysis should speak to issues of economy and may incorporate you knowledge of the Northern ideology of free labor the idea of a competency and notions of republican independence NORTH emancipation helped crystallize the growing labor crisis in the North association of freedom with ownership freedom based merely on ownership of oners person and the exchange of commodities SOUTH ideas not only differed from but stood completely opposite from Yankee ideals conflict over the meaning of free labor depended on your position in society daily struggle with dealing with new ideas of freedom masters saw their workers as lazy southern plantation owners had a hard time accepting the new consequences that free labor brought about Joseph Daniel Pope Addresses economic issues in coastal carolina around Port Royal caused by freeing of slaves Key points Accepts that slavery has ended however still has much remorse over the fact that slavery has ended because he claimed that the labor system is unstable irregular uncertain and that these labors need to be commanded Claims that the freedman do not know how to manage their own crop Gives example of one of his former slaves who did not plant enough corn cotton or potatoes to support himself and his family Claims that negro laborers do not fulfill their labor contracts with larger planters They do not show up to work often and the crop suffers greatly as a result The division of land is causing the land to go infertile eventually making it entirely unfit for growing In the past when plantations dominated massive amounts of land they would not grow crops on some of this land to preserve its fertility Now all of the land is in use Need to restore land to white because they know how to cultivate it is a matter of importance for the North and the South Proposes 1 Let white population back to their land and homes Only They know how to properly manage the land for the betterment of all 2 Negroes accumulating around Port Royal Carolina Coast should be returned to where they came from Many came from other southern states This will free up some of the land so it can be used more efficiently 3 Issue permits passports to negroes to prevent them from moving all around the country He argues this will keep them tied to a particular area and they will be more likely to fulfill their labor contracts 4 No more quartering of african american soldiers they set a bad example for other freedmen because they are idle and immoral His idea of the meaning and nature of freedom basically it is dangerous On competency White man holds the competency let them be the ones who run the land Blacks have no competence therefore should be sent back to where they came from Blacks have the disease of idleness Only have competency under the direct guidance and order of whites VERSUS Martin Delany Northern Black abolitionist Recruiter of black soldiers during the war later promoted to Major He does not like former slave owners AT ALL Believes the reason they are free is because of the black soldiers that fought in the war Pretty much thinks that white slave owners are jerks and that the black man is superior in intellect and physical capabilities As far as economy goes he wants freedmen to make money by owning their own land and producing