Name: _______________________Learning Unit 4: Earthquake Review QuestionsThis assignment is designed to assess your understanding of Unit 4 and includes some of the Questions for Review at the end of Chapters 3 and 4 from your text plus a few additional questions. Each question can be answered in one to two sentences. Please limit yourself to a maximum of three sentences. Access the assignment, complete it with ANSWERS IN A DIFFERENT COLOR FONT as a separate file, and send it back for evaluation and grading through the assignment tab by or before the due date. 1. What is meant by the “elastic rebound theory”?2. What is the difference between the epicenter and the focus of an earthquake?3. Extension of the Earth’s crust generally causes what type of fault or faults? What type of plate boundary would produce such a fault or faults?4. Compression of the Earth’s crust generally causes what type of fault or faults? What type of plate boundary would produce such a fault or faults?5. What is the motion of a P-waves? an S-wave? Surface waves?6. Which type of earthquake waves do the most damage?7. In what order do seismic waves arrive to distant locations?8. How do seismologists determine how far away an earthquake was from their seismograph?9. How do seismologists determine the location of an earthquake epicenter?10.What does the Richter Magnitude Scale depend on?11.How much greater energy is released by a magnitude 6 earthquake than a magnitude 5 earthquake? How much greater energy is released by a magnitude 7 earthquake than a magnitude 5 earthquake?12.What are the three main factors that affect moment magnitude?13.What does the Mercalli Intensity Scale depend on?14.In addition to the amount of damage, increases in what factors go along with an increase inearthquake magnitude?15.Why are structures built on soft sand or mud often destroyed in an earthquake when nearby structures built on bedrock remain essentially undamaged?16.What is liquefaction?17.What kinds of structural materials make dangerously weak walls during an earthquake?18.What type of wall strengthening is commonly used to prevent a building from being pushedover laterally during an earthquake?19.What can be done to a building, either during construction or after, to reduce the shaking of the building during an earthquake and therefore reduce the possibility of severe damage?20.Freeway overpasses often collapse in a strong earthquake, even though their supports are concrete and heavy duty steel reinforcing bars. Why?21.Why are building fires so hard to fight after an earthquake?22.List several of the precursors that have been used to indicate that an earthquake may be coming.23.There has been at least one highly successful prediction of a major earthquake that saved avery large number of lives. Where and when was that earthquake? What information lead to the prediction?24.What is a seismic gap, and what is its significance?25.Some major faults show migration with time (e.g. over the past few hundred or a thousand years), of earthquakes along the fault. Name one such fault – or indicate exactly where it
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