Name Learning Unit 4 Earthquake Review Questions This assignment is designed to assess your understanding of Unit 4 and includes some of the Questions for Review at the end of Chapters 3 and 4 from your text plus a few additional questions Each question can be answered in one to two sentences Please limit yourself to a maximum of three sentences Access the assignment complete it with ANSWERS IN A DIFFERENT COLOR FONT as a separate file and send it back for evaluation and grading through the assignment tab by or before the due date 1 What is meant by the elastic rebound theory 2 What is the difference between the epicenter and the focus of an earthquake 3 Extension of the Earth s crust generally causes what type of fault or faults What type of plate boundary would produce such a fault or faults 4 Compression of the Earth s crust generally causes what type of fault or faults What type of plate boundary would produce such a fault or faults 5 What is the motion of a P waves an S wave Surface waves 6 Which type of earthquake waves do the most damage 7 In what order do seismic waves arrive to distant locations 8 How do seismologists determine how far away an earthquake was from their seismograph 9 How do seismologists determine the location of an earthquake epicenter 10 What does the Richter Magnitude Scale depend on 11 How much greater energy is released by a magnitude 6 earthquake than a magnitude 5 earthquake How much greater energy is released by a magnitude 7 earthquake than a magnitude 5 earthquake 12 What are the three main factors that affect moment magnitude 13 What does the Mercalli Intensity Scale depend on 14 In addition to the amount of damage increases in what factors go along with an increase in earthquake magnitude 15 Why are structures built on soft sand or mud often destroyed in an earthquake when nearby structures built on bedrock remain essentially undamaged 16 What is liquefaction 17 What kinds of structural materials make dangerously weak walls during an earthquake 18 What type of wall strengthening is commonly used to prevent a building from being pushed over laterally during an earthquake 19 What can be done to a building either during construction or after to reduce the shaking of the building during an earthquake and therefore reduce the possibility of severe damage 20 Freeway overpasses often collapse in a strong earthquake even though their supports are concrete and heavy duty steel reinforcing bars Why 21 Why are building fires so hard to fight after an earthquake 22 List several of the precursors that have been used to indicate that an earthquake may be coming 23 There has been at least one highly successful prediction of a major earthquake that saved a very large number of lives Where and when was that earthquake What information lead to the prediction 24 What is a seismic gap and what is its significance 25 Some major faults show migration with time e g over the past few hundred or a thousand years of earthquakes along the fault Name one such fault or indicate exactly where it is
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