PSYC 210CHAPTER 6 NOTESThe First 2 years: Cognitive DevelopmentPerception and Cognition- Infants are quick to realize what they can do with objects (affordances). - Active interactions with objects and events are needed for cognitive development. - Infants are primed to focus on movement and change. - Due to infants' speed in perceptual accomplishments, some researchers conclude that many of the skills are innate.Key elements of cognitive growth Action Note: Be able to explain "object permanence." How is it tested in infancy, and what do these tests reveal. A fun experience of object permanence at work is to play a simple peek-a-boo game with an 8-month old and hide some object under a blanket with an 11 month old.Piaget's Cognitive Theory- Central to Piaget's theory is the idea that infants are active participants in their cognitive development. - Review Table 6.1 in Chapter 6. Read about the various stages involved as discussed in the textbook.Language Development - Infants are well-equipped to learn language from birth. There is an innate readiness and their ability to hear while still in the womb prepares the way. Many parents-to-be play music and read to their babies in the latter months of pregnancy. - All children follow the sequence of accomplishments in language development, but vary in pace. - Children understand much more than they are capable of expressing. Sign language is now beingused by lots of parents with their toddlers. - Many a learning theorist maintains that language is the result of conditioning and reinforcement.Review and study the tables on p. 169 and p. 177: The Development of Spoken Language in the First Two YearsEarly Communication and Language DevelopmentReview the three theories of language learning.Factors in speech development.- family background - birth order - gender - personality Page 1 of 2PSYC 210- learning stylesAction Note: Listen for "motherese" or "baby talk" when you are around families in public place this week.Page 2 of
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