Journalism 201 1st Edition Lecture 34 Outline of Last Lecture I. Is the US becoming more politically polarized?II. What is polarization?III. To sum up:IV. The role of media- Action coordination mechanismsV. Emerging” media and polarizationVI. Political polarization VII. Role of emerging mediaVIII. ImplicationsOutline of Current Lecture I. A New Communication EraII. Characteristics of the Broadcast vs. Network ErasIII. Claims about Internet’s Social ImpactsIV. 3 ClaimsV. Three HypothesesVI. Democratizing Communication?VII. Arguments for DemocratizationVIII. Markos Moulitsas (Daily Kos)IX. Michelle Malkin X. But…Arguments Against DemocratizationXI. MythXII. Myth of Digital DemocracyXIII. Myth (Summary)Current LectureI. A New Communication Eraa. In the 20th century, information was communicated through a few very powerful broadcasters.b. What happens when our society’s information system is built on a network of many connected nodes?II. Characteristics of the Broadcast vs. Network Erasa. Broadcast Era (1920-20??)i. Means of production and distribution of messages expensive and highly centralizedii. Very limited amount of content can be circulatedThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.iii. Owned, accessed and controlled by certain members of societyb. Network Era (1993-)i. Cost of disseminating messages 0;1. Means of producing/distributing messages more accessibleii. Unlimited content can be circulated and accessediii. Little control of access; little gatekeepingIII. Claims about Internet’s Social Impactsa. We will explore 3 claims about the Internet and democracyb. Each claim will be supported by key ideas, and refuted by key ideasIV. 3 Claimsa. Digital media will:i. Democratize communication, because it will give everyone a public voiveii. Reduce inequalities in knowledge, because it will make information available to alliii. Facilitate civic engagement by empowering citizens and challenging repressive leadersV. Three Hypothesesa. Digital utopianismb. Digital dystopianismc. The normalization hypothesisVI. Democratizing Communication?a. “Everyone a pamphleteer!!”b. “A modern day Thomas Paine!”VII. Arguments for Democratizationa. Physical infrastructure exists for any person on the Web to gain a global voiceb. Examples of citizens who have made their names with web contenti. Markos Moulitsas; Michelle MalkinVIII. Markos Moulitsas (Daily Kos)a. Salvadoran and Greek Heritageb. Served in Army (‘Kos’)c. Northern Illinois Universityi. Wrote for college newspaperd. Law school at Boston Universitye. DailyKos founded 2002; i. By 2009, 215,000 usersIX. Michelle Malkin a. Daughter of Filipino parentsb. Grew up in Philadelphiac. Went to Oberlini. Wrote for a college paperd. Successful journalistic career: LA Daily News, Seattle Times, Fox New Channel, bookse. Started MichelleMalkin.com in 2004X. But…Arguments Against Democratizationa. Matthew Hindman: The Myth of Digital Democracyb. Sure, anyone can potentially reach a mass audience, but who actually do? And how many actually do?XI. Mytha. Who?b. Top bloggers tend to be highly educated elites:i. Of top 10 bloggers, 8 have attended either an Ivy League or similar stature; many have law degreesii. Several had successful careers in journalismXII. Myth of Digital Democracya. How many ‘average’ citizens reach mass audience through digital media?b. Not many: there are ‘viral’ events, but they are rare!c. And many receive support from a traditional, ‘broadcast’ channelXIII. Myth (Summary)a. It is possible for ‘average’ citizens to reach many people online, but “everyone a pamphleteer” is overstatedb. Most of the people successful online look a lot like those who are most successful in broadcast: upper-middle class, educatec. Most of the popular online content is produced by people who look a lot like the ones producing broadcast
View Full Document
Unlocking...