NR 150 1st Edition Lecture 14 Outline of Last Lecture I. Arthropods (shrimp, crab, copepod, lobster) most successful animal group on EarthII. Mollusks (squids and octopuses)III. Two types of fishIV. Thermoregulation in fishV. Fish are successful because of unique adaptationsVI. Creatures of the depthOutline of Current Lecture VII. Mammals (including marine mammals)VIII. Marine birdsCurrent LectureI. Mammals (including marine mammals)a. Mammals evolved from reptilesb. Mammals are viviparous animals (live-bearing animals whose embryos develop within the mother’s body)c. Embryo receives nutrients and oxygen through the placentad. Young are being nursee. Mammals produce few- but well cared for- offspringf. Larger brainsg. Cataceai. Whales1. Spend entire life in water2. Streamlined, resemble fish3. Breathe air, have hair, produce milk for youngThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.4. Have front flippers5. No rear flippers, but they are present in embryos6. Sperm whales eject and intestinal slurry called ambergris that contains the squid beaks (prevents them from scraping the inside of intestines7. Two kinds of whalesa. Toothed whalesb. Baleen whalesi. Typically bigger than toothed whalesii. Blue whales1. Among the loudest animals on the planet2. Largest animals ever known to have lived onearth3. Can eat 4-8 tons of krill a day4. Average lifespan is estimated at around 80-90 yearsiii. Humpback whales1. Bubble hunting: blow bubbles to trap fish in a ringii. Porpoises1. Smallest of the toothed whalesiii. Dolphinsh. Carnivorei. Sealsii. Sea lionsiii. Walrusesiv. Sea ottersi. Sireniai. Manateesii. Dugongsiii. Steller’s Sea Cow (now extinct)j. Share four common featuresi. Streamlined body shapeii. Generate their own internal body heat and conserve heat through layers of fat or furiii. Modified respiratory system to collect and retain large amounts of oxygeniv. Osmotic adaptations (minimal intake of sea water and ability to excrete concentrated and highly saline water)II. Marine birdsa. Some of the world’s most efficient flyersb. Lay eggs on landc. Some seabirds stay at sea for yearsd. Have special salt-excluding glandse. Seabirdsi. Gulls, pelicans, albatrosses, petrels, and penguins1. Penguins live in the southern hemisphere (except for Galapagos penguin)a. Galapagos penguins are endemic to Galapagos islands, only penguin that lives north of the equator in the wildf. Endothermic (generate and regulate metabolic heatg. Have light, thin, hollow bonesh. Lack fatty insulationi. Have lightweight beak instead of jawsj. Highly efficient respiratory