NR 150 1st Edition Lecture 8Outline of Last Lecture I. The atmosphere and the ocean interact with each otherII. The solar heating of Earth varies with latitudeIII. The solar heating of Earth also varies with seasonsIV. Earth’s uneven solar heating results in large-scale atmospheric circulationV. Surface currents are driven by windOutline of Current Lecture I. Surface currents are driven by windCurrent LectureI. Surface currents are driven by winda. ~10% of the ocean water involved in surface currentsb. Water flowing horizontally in the uppermost 400 metersc. Above the pycnoclined. Gyres: circuit of mid-latitude currents around the periphery of an ocean basine. ITCZ and monsoonsi. The ITCZ moves farther away from the equator during the Northern summer than the Southern one due to the North-heavy arrangement of the continentsii. Monsoon: a pattern of wind circulation that changes with the season, generally cause the area to have wet summers and dry wintersf. Storms: variations in large-scale atmospheric circulationi. Can form between two air masses (frontal storms) or within one air mass (tropical cyclones)g. Hurricanesi. In the northern hemisphere they rotate counterclockwiseThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.ii. Alphabetically named, list repeats every 6 yearsiii. Unusually large and damaging hurricanes names are retired for at least 10yearsiv. Hurricanes are considered large tropical cyclonesv. Hurricane damage1. Storm surgea. 3 feet (one meter) for a category 1 storm to over 19 (6 meters) of storm surge for a category 5 stormb. Hundreds of thousands of deaths in countries such as Bangladesh have been caused by the storm surge of cyclones2. Wind damage: high wind speeds more than 74mph or 119 km/h3. Freshwater floodinga. Heavy rain over a widespread area in a short period of timeb. Swells rivers and streams, causing hurricane-induced floodingh. Cyclones Northern and Southern Hemispheresi. In the Northern hemisphere, spins counterclockwiseii. In the Southern hemisphere, spins clockwiseiii. Tropical cyclones: great masses of warm, humid, rotating air, extremely rare in the equatorial South