BCHM 3050 1st edition Exam 5 Study Guide Lecture 36 April 17 About how many protons are generated for 1 molecule of glucose 1 NADH 1 FADH2 About 104 protons in the intermembrane space for 1 molecule of glucose NADH goes through complex 1 2 3 4 10 protons per 1 NADH FADH2 goes through complex 2 3 4 6 protons per 1 FADH2 What effect do proton gradients have Imbalance of chemical charges will cause the charges to be pushed back to the matrix to even out the charges causing ATP to be synthesized Chemi Osmotic Coupling Theory The movement of protons back into the matrix is known as the proton motive force What is the Chemiosmotic Theory The part of the enzyme sticking out of the matrix is what synthesizes ATP Low pH and highly acidic space due to the high proton accumulation is located in the intermembrane space Note secretion leakage of protons is due to the fact that the outermembrane is a bit more permeable to protons than the inner membrane You can up tin certain molecules to disrupt the flow of protons back into the matrix Big difference in the voltage in the matrix versus the intermembrane space Describe the structure and function on ATP Synthase F0 is embedded while F1 is free floating A and C work together to get the protons into the matrix When proton gets into the C complex it will initiate movement of the rest of the complex Beta active sites where reactions happen synthesis of ATP 3 subunits of beta so can get 3 ATPs at the same time Gamma expose beta to ADP and inorganic phosphate Alpha regulatory site Binding of protons happens through the interface of A and C and is released from C into the matrix How does the beta subunit of ATP Synthase work to synthesize ATP using protons When 1 proton enters the matrix ADP and inorganic phosphate bind and beta changes conformation from open into the loose form 2nd proton into the matrix changes beta to the tight conformation and beta synthesizes ATP 3rd proton the tight becomes open and releases an ATP Lecture 37 April 20 How much ATP is produce by the complete oxidation of a hexose 1 pyruvate molecule o 1 glucose Substrate level phosphorylation 2 ATP glycolysis SLP 2 ATP TCA 2 pyruvates NADH 10 FADH2 2 NADH 8 Complex I NADH 2 Complex 2 FADHs 2 Complex 2 ATP 10 2 5 2 1 5 4 o 1 pyruvate 1 NADH Acetyl CoA 3 NADH TCA 1 FADH2 1 ATP SLP ATP 4 2 5 1 1 5 1 12 5 How does the production of ATP differ when in the liver versus the muscle brain cells o Liver NADH 10 Complex 1 10 protons per NADH FADH2 2 Complex II 6 protons per FADH2 100 12 112 protons 112 4 28 ATP Theoretical yield 28 4 32 ATP o Muscle Brain NADH 8 Complex I NADH 2 Complex III FADH2 2 Complex II 8 x 10 80 protons 2 x 6 12 protons 2 x 6 12 protons 80 12 12 104 104 4 26 ATP Theoretical yield 26 4 30 ATP
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