Clemson BCHM 3050 - The Genetic Code & Protein Synthesis

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Essential Elements of Biochemistry BCHM 3050 Dr Srikripa Chandrasekaran Lecture 3 11 15 Notes I II III IV V VI VII The Genetic Code Protein Synthesis Part 2 Formation of the prokaryotic initiation complex A 30S subunit recruits IF 1 and IF 3 B C IF 1 blocks the A Site There is an untranslated region and the Shine Dalgarno sequence is part of this untranslated region mRNA CAP 5 UTR SD Exons 3 UTR tail D E UTR untranslated region F Purpose of all initiation factors is to get the first AUG bound to the P site and then they all fall off G GTP provides the energy for this system H This ends initiation of prokaryotic translation Shine Dalgarno sequence A Shine Dalgarno sequence pairs with rRNA part of the sequence Peptide Elongation A EF elongation factors B EF Tu carries the fresh aa tRNA energy is used in the process so GTP is hydrolized brings aminoacyl tRNA to the A site Adding a new aminoacyl tRNA requires energy which is provided by EF Tu GTP C Peptide bond formation A At the P Site the tRNA is uncharged B Movement of the ribosome requires energy which is carried out by EF G GTP Peptide translocation A Termination occurs when ribosome hits a stop codon B Release factor binds to the stop codon Termination of translation A Release factor causes everything to fall off thus ending translation Some translational differences in eukaryotes A Eukaryotes ribosome is heavier and more complicated B Eukaryotes processing capping removing introns occurs which does not occur in prokaryotes C Shine Dalgarno recognized by the tRNA in prokaryotes D Prokaryote transcription is much faster than eukaryotes transcription E 3 initiation factors in prokaryotes F 9 initiation factors in eukaryotes G Eukaryotes have a greater diversity of proteins being made 1


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Clemson BCHM 3050 - The Genetic Code & Protein Synthesis

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