HIST 1311 1st Edition Lecture 13 The Rise of a New Nation 1815 1836 I The Emergence of New Expectations A New Expectations in the Northeastern Economy 1 Cut off from European manufactured goods Americans started to make more textiles and other items for themselves a The spread of textile manufacturing during the embargo and war eras was astonishing 2 Factories in New England and elsewhere eventually supplied more and more of the country s consumer goods a This changed economic roles as well as the hopes of many Americans B The Emergence of the Old South 1 The technological and economic changes that came in the war s wake pumped new energy into the South s economy a But the mechanization of the British textile industry in the late eighteenth century brought dramatic changes b The production of cotton cloth rapidly increased and the need for raw cotton fiber grew 2 Eli Whitney found a solution to the problem of the time and labor regeared a Whitney designed a machine that quickly combed out seeds and did not require a large number of skilled operators b The outcome of Whitney s inventiveness was the rapid spread of shortstaple cotton 3 With the departure of the British naval blockade cotton growing began to spread at a staggering rate II Politics and Diplomacy in an Era of Good Feelings A The American System and New Economic Direction 1 The Republicans domestic initiatives included a Reestablishment of a national bank b Federal financing for roads and canals vetoed by Madison 2 Republicans sought to create a national market economy a They envisioned regional economic specialization in the West South and Northeast b A transportation network and a strong currency would link the three 3 The Republicans won decisively in 1816 a The popularity of their domestic plans led to sweeping victory B James Monroe and the Nationalist Agenda 1 The Monroe administration resolved remaining differences with England These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute a III The Rush Bagot Agreement reduced the size of American and British fleets on the Great Lakes b The Convention of 1818 settled the issues of American fishing rights in the Atlantic the border with Canada and the occupation of Oregon 2 In the Adams On s Treaty the United States obtained Florida from Spain a Secretary of State Adams exploited the opportunity presented by Andrew Jackson s unauthorized incursion into Florida to negotiate with Spain C The Monroe Doctrine 1 Britain proposed an alliance with the United States to prevent intervention by other European nations in Latin America a Many of Spain s colonies had declared their independence most European powers seemed ready to assist Spain 2 The Monroe administration decided instead on unilateral action a Monroe announced that the United States would oppose intervention by Europeans in Latin America Dynamic Growth and Political Consequences A The Panic of 1819 1 Unsafe financial practices swept through the country after 1800 a The Land Ordinance of 1800 liberalized by another ordinance in 1804 led to risky farm purchases b Land speculators extended credit to poor credit risks c Banks provided overly liberal credit 2 International developments undermined the economy a The demand for U S goods fell in Europe b Gold and silver ceased flowing to Europe as Latin American nations became independent 3 A six year depression began in 1819 a Tightened credit produced financial panic B Economic Woes and Political Sectionalism 1 Conflict over protective tariffs divided the nation s three major sections a Northeastern manufacturing interests wanted high protective tariffs b Southerners who relied on imported manufactured goods opposed protective tariffs c The West supported higher tariffs in 1824 in return for northern support for Cumberland Road expenditures C The Missouri Compromise 1 Missouri s application for statehood also became a sectional issue a Controversy over whether it would be a slave state or a free state was really about the political balance between the sections in Congress 2 The Missouri Compromise sought to please both North and South a Missouri and Maine one slave one free would become states b No slavery would be allowed above 36 30 in the Louisiana Purchase except in Missouri 3 A second compromise approved Missouri s constitution but not its restrictions on free blacks D New Politics and the End of Good Feelings 1 The election of 1824 reflected sectional divisions IV V a Clay Adams and Crawford were each supported by different regions b Jackson alone attracted support in all regions 2 The House of Representatives determined the election a Jackson won the popular vote but did not win a majority in the Electoral College b The House chose Adams after Clay threw his support to him 3 The outcome ended the single party system a Adams made Clay secretary of state b Jackson withdrew from the Republican party charging that Adams had won corruptly The New Man in Politics A Adams s Troubled Administration 1 Adams did not prove to be popular as president a He refused to use political patronage to build support b His policies did not appear to have the interests of the common man at heart c The Tariff of Abominations established tariff rates that were unpopular with almost everyone B Democratic Styles and Political Structure 1 Political participation became more democratic between 1800 and 1830 a Property requirements to vote and to serve in office were gradually eliminated b Nearly every state by 1828 adopted popular election for the members of the Electoral College C The Rise of King Andrew 1 By 1826 Van Buren organized the Democratic party a He assembled a coalition of political leaders from all sections b The new party threw its support to Andrew Jackson 2 Jackson trounced Adams in the election of 1828 The Presidency of Andrew Jackson A Launching Jacksonian Politics 1 Jackson introduced the popular step of appointing officeholders for only four years a Use of patronage consolidated the Democratic Party s control of power Jackson expanded the power of the presidency