CRM JST 271 1st Edition Lecture 13 I Proactive Arrests and Crackdowns 3 26 a Proactive arrests i Initiated by the police ii Focus on a narrow set of high risk targets b Crackdowns i An intensive short term increase in officer presence and arrests for specific types of offenses II Focused Deterrence Initiatives a A of important gun and gang violence studies have occurred in recent years i Kansas City Gun Experiment ii Pittsburgh Firearm Suppression Patrol FSP iii Richmond s Project Exile iv Boston Gun Project 1 Similar efforts in Minneapolis Massachusetts and Los Angeles v Cincinnati Initiative to Reduce Violence CIRV III Zero Tolerance Quality of Life and Problem Oriented Policing a Zero tolerance policing i Aggressive targeting of minor infractions b Quality of life policing i Emphasizes reduction of physical and social disorder c Problem oriented policing i A multi pronged strategy to reduce problems in specific areas ii Important implications for d For which of these strategies does research provide the greatest support IV Reactive Arrests and Intimate Partner Violence These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute a Reactive arrests are made in response to complaints are random and are typically for minor offenses b Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment 1984 was 1 st study on use of arrest in misdemeanor domestic violence cases i Arrests versus mediation or separation 1 What did the results suggest 2 What have recent replication found 3 Should dual arrest be used V Police Pursuits a Police pursuit policy is a current controversy b Department policy pertaining to such pursuit varies i Violent felony only policy ii Restrictive policy iii Judgmental policy c Alpert 1997 suggests the following for local departments i Create and maintain systems to collect information on pursuit driving ii Review and update pursuit policies iii Evaluate the need for pursuit specific training iv Support written policies with training and supervision v Require that officers justify their actions or have a supervisor evaluate the pursuit VI The Investigative Function a Detectives also serve an important role in police departments b Goal is to investigate increase of arrests for crimes that are prosecutable and will result in conviction c Investigation is usually specialized i Crimes against person and crimes against property d The basis responsibilities of detectives are i To determine whether a crime has been committed ii To identify the perpetrator iii To apprehend the perpetrator iv To provide evidence to support a conviction in court VII Selected Research on Investigative Operations a There exist a host of issues important to the investigative function i Automated fingerprint identification system AFIS ii DNA iii Career criminal programs iv Bias crime programs v Detective patrol relationships vi Enticement and entrapment