CRM JST 271 1st Edition Lecture 12I. The Patrol Functiona. Commonly referred to as the “backbone of policing”b. Goals of patroli. Crime prevention and deterrenceii. Apprehension of offendersiii. Creation of a sense of securityiv. Provision of non-crime-related servicesv. Traffic controlvi. Identifying and solving community problemsc. Patrol officers perform 3 primary functions:i. Law enforcementii. Order maintenanceiii. Social services1. What does each of these functions entail? (these will be on an exam)II. Historical Developmenta. Two critical developments of the 1930’s helped change the nature of the patrol officeri. Greatly increased use of the patrol carii. The development of the Uniform Crime Report1. Both of these developments led to “professionalization”b. Radio and telephone also had a profound impact on policingi. Proactive to reactive approaches, especially through 911c. Change emphasis from incident oriented to problem orientedd. From responding to problems to solving problemsIII. Terrorism and Patrola. Terrorism’s increasing significance has had a direct impact on the nature of patrolThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.i. More target orientedii. Greater emphasis on event analysisiii. Intensify traffic enforcement1. Important that “us versus them” mentality does not developIV. Patrol Methodsa. Two methods have dominated patroli. Automobile1. Offers greatest coverage and most rapid response2. Most cost-effectiveii. Foot patrol1. Reduces citizens’ fear of crime2. More positive and non-adversarial interactionsb. A variety of other patrol methods now exist as welli. Motorcycle patrolii. Motor scooters and three-wheeled vehiclesiii. Horse patroliv. Planes and helicoptersv. Boat patrolV. Use of Patrol Resourcesa. The issue of one versus two-officer cars was central in policingi. Study in San Diego in mid-1970’s1. What were the findings of the SD study?ii. 1985 San Diego replication1. This study yielded results similar to the initial studyb. Determining “how” to concentrate patrol efforts and resources is achieved via a variety of avenuesi. Resource determinationii. Resource allocationiii. Computerized crime mappingVI. Focused Interventionsa. Following the Kansas City Preventive Experiment, directing patrol officers efforts becameincreasingly common through a number of methodsi. Directed patrolii. Hot spotsiii. Problem-oriented
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