GEOG 2300 1st Edition Lecture 22Outline of Last Lecture I. WindII. HumidityIII. Adiabatic ProcessesOutline of Current Lecture I. Adiabatic ProcessesII. CloudsIII. PrecipitationCurrent LectureI. Adiabatic ProcessesA. For dry air = decrease in temperature 10 degrees C/1000m on averageB. Dry adiabatic lapse rate (DALR), dry because condensation does not occurC. As altitude increases, pressure decreases and temperature decreasesD. Lifting condensation level: where clouds are formed, temperature has cooled down and water is released from air (saturates)E. As a parcel of air rises, it cools and becomes saturated at the dew pointF. When it reaches its dew point, condensation occurs (lifting condensation level), heat is released into the atmosphereG. Wet adiabatic lapse rate begins at the lifting condensation level, 5 degrees C/1000mII. CloudsA. Made up of water droplets and/or ice particlesB. Form when air is saturated and contains particles (condensation nuclei), ex: dust, sea saltsC. Water can remain in liquid state below freezing (supercooled)D. Cloud types: low (stratus, cumulus), middle (altocumulus), high (cirrus), thunder cloud (cumulonimbus) extends from low to highE. Once a parcel of air is lifted past the altitude where it reaches dew point, what will happen as it continues to go up in elevation? Water will precipitate,releasing heat to the atmosphere and causing the parcel of air to cool down less quickly as the parcel risesF. Fog: cloud layer at or close to the surfaceG. Radiation fog: forms at night when air near the ground falls below dew pointThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.H. Advection fog: forms when warm moist air moves over a cool surfaceI. Sea fog: forms when cool marine air comes in contact with colder ocean currents (type of advection fog)J. Fog happens when warm, moist air gets colder (drops below the dew point temperature) near the surfaceIII. PrecipitationA. For precipitation to occur: growth of droplets in clouds, ice-crystal processes-ice particles act as freezing nuclei, coalescence process-large droplets collide with smaller onesB. Types: freezing rain (ice crystals freeze onto a frozen surface), snow (ice crystals have not melted), sleet (ice crystals melt as they fall), hail (melting and refreezing crystals that form in thunder clouds)C. Orographic precipitation: air rising over a mountain, intercepting slope = windward slope (wetter), leeward slope (drier,
View Full Document
Unlocking...