GEOG 2300 1st Edition Lecture 20Outline of Last Lecture I. Coriolis EffectII. FrictionIII. Upper AtmosphereIV. CyclonesV. Air at Different LatitudesOutline of Current Lecture I. Air at Different LatitudesII. MonsoonsIII. The Arctic and AntarcticIV. WaterV. HumidityCurrent LectureI. Air at Different LatitudesA. Subpolar low pressure because the warmer air of the mid-latitudes rises as it meets cold polar airB. Dynamic weather in the mid-latitudes because of thisC. The poles there is a zone of high pressure because the air just sits thereD. From the subtropical high to the subpolar low = westerlies, includes variable low and high pressure systems, storms form at the polar frontE. From the polar high to the subpolar low = polar easterlies F. Hadley cells: move energy from equator and to the tropics (30 degrees N and S)G. Northeast trade winds Atlantic trade routesH. Anticyclones in the southern hemisphere spiral counterclockwise and have higher pressure with low pressure spiraling around II. MonsoonsA. In January high pressure over the land produces dry winds, air flows towards ITCZB. In July there is low pressure over land because the ITCZ moves up over the land bringing warm, moist air, which is trapped by the Himalayas which drivesthe air up and creates precipitationIII. The Arctic and Antarctic A. Permanent area of high pressure over AntarcticaThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.B. Seasonal pressure changes over the arctic (more ocean)IV. WaterA. Water can exist in three states: solid, liquid, and gasB. Water changes states by absorbing and releasing heat through sublimation, deposition, melting, freezing, evaporation, condensationC. Trade winds occur because diverging air from the subtropical high flows south and is bent to the right by the Coriolis effectD. Winds are described based on where the air is coming fromV. HumidityA. Humidity: the amount of water vapor in the atmosphereB. Warm air can hold more water than cold airC. Cold dry air can have close to 0%, warm air can have 4-5%D. Specific humidity: actual quantity of water vapor in air (g water/kg air), used to describe water content of large air masses and how it varies by latitudeE. At 20 degrees, air can hold around 15 grams of water per kg of air; at 30 degrees, it is nearly double (26 g/kg) – maximum specific humidity
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