NOTE: Everything presented in lecture after the first exam may be on the second exam. The following material from the custom text may also be on the second exam. To prepare effectively for this exam, study your lecture notes from after the first exam and the items on this study guide.Human Communication, Chapter 8: Relationships in Process (pp. 219 – 249)Human Communication, Chapter 9: Interpersonal Communication (pp. 253 – 281)Communication 101 Text Study Guide, Exam 2 NOVEMBER 5THNOTE: Everything presented in lecture after the first exam may be on the second exam. The following material from the custom text may also be on the second exam. To prepare effectively for this exam, study your lecture notes from after the first exam and the items on this study guide.What is Public Opinion? (p. A-17 – A-18) The study of public opinion is found in many fields, such as sociology, psychology, and political scienceas well as communication1. Know the meaning of vox populi.Vox populi- meaning the voice of the people, a concept particularly key for those interested in democratic theory 2. Know what tool is often used by those interested in determining the “effects” of message content, source credibility, or the channels by which information is disseminated.-Survey research -Survey research as a vehicle for understanding public opinion is a thriving enterprise, which has been embraced by academicians and practitioners alike What is Interpersonal Communication? (pp. A-20 – A-23)1. Know the meaning of interpersonal communication.Interpersonal communication includes the types of talk and messages exchange (verbal and nonverbal) we use in daily encounters with people with people with whom we have a personal relationship (friends, family, colleagues, romantic partners) and/or with whom we interact on a personal level-when we interact with someone on a personal level we take into consideration their unique qualities andnot just their social role when communicating with them -interpersonal communication is the primary mode through which we develop close relationships across the lifespan and includes both verbal and nonverbal communication 2. Know three functions of self-disclosure in interpersonal relationships.Sharing personal information is one way to build trust with another, to develop a personal relationship and to reduce uncertainty 3. Know the role of conflict in interpersonal relationships.-Conflict is an enduring feature of interpersonal relationships -conflict can be healthy ; it’s how you fight that determines relational satisfaction 4. Know Gottman’s “magic” ratio.“magic 5:1 ratio” that is for every negative message you send to your partner, you have to send five positive messages to promote positivity 5. Know the advantages of being skilled in interpersonal communication.People who are skilled at interpersonal communication have an advantage in all life realms over others who are not -people like to interact with other who demonstrate interpersonal communication skillsWhat is Persuasive Communication? (pp. A-27 – A-29)1. Know the nine cells of the persuasion matrix and the meaning of each cell.There are nine cells of the persuasion matrix yielded by the conception of persuasive communication; are used by message sources to accomplish various functions 2. Know the four functions of persuasionAcquistion, construction, impression management, conflict avoidance Acquisition- for ex: when a student misses a class, acquiring the notes missed from that day’s lecture requires persuasive communicationConstruction- involves impacting the way one defines a situation; ex: advocates on either side of gun controlImpression management- relevant in interpersonal interactions when individuals attempt to elicit positive judgments from othersConflict avoidance- where one’s goal is to resolve a conflict before it begins Human Communication, Chapter 8: Relationships in Process (pp. 219 – 249)1. Know the three bases of attraction.Proximity, similarity, and situations Proximity- geographic closeness; the more closely two people are located geographically, the more likely they are to be attracted to one another Similarity: most people want to meet other people that share the same interests Situations: things are rarely equal2. Know the definition of trust.A psychological state of individuals involving confident, positive expectations about the actions of another 3. Know Knapp’s ten relational stages (five coming together and five coming apart).5 Coming Together:Initiating, Experimenting, Intensifying, Integrating, Bonding5 Coming Apart:Differentiating, Circumscribing, Stagnating, Avoiding, Terminating 4. Know the most important factor for determining how well students do in school (i.e., student achievement).Family background was far and away the most important factor in determining student achievementHuman Communication, Chapter 9: Interpersonal Communication (pp. 253 – 281)1. Know the difference between norms and roles.Norms are rules, whether explicit or implicit about behavior, rules from which we develop certain expectations about how people will actRoles relate to norms; a role is simply a set of norms applies to a specific subclass within the society2. Know the four concepts used to describe high quality (interpersonal) relationships according to Miller and Steinberg (1975).1. In qualitatively high relationships, information about the other person is primarily psychological rather than cultural and sociological; it includes the other person’s sex, age, occupation, group memberships- in other words, information accessible to most people, even without knowing each other2. Rules for that relationship are developed by the two people involved rather than being rules set by tradition; ex: our relationship may be such that although it’s usually expected that a visitor calls before coming to someone’s apartment you may come to mine whenever you like without calling; remember, each interpersonal relationships establishes different rules but they are individual rather than traditional rules3. The roles in a high quality relationship are defined primarily by personal characteristics rather than bysituation; ex: Karla may always take care of all the laundry and grocery shopping while her husband Billtakes care of the bills.3. Know the definition of self-disclosure.Intentionally making known information about oneself 4. Know the definitions of affiliation and