NRC 225 1st Edition Lecture 9 Outline of Last Lecture I Night Flying Women Discussion Outline of Current Lecture I Loss of Wood II How they got wood from point A to point B III New technologies Current Lecture Loss of wood no ordinary destruction Free supply exploitation Unlimited demand Technological innovation Increasing efficiency Little or no regulation people made big fortunes Astronomical profits boom bust collapse Conservation and the progressive era 1830 Banger Maine was the white pine capital of the world 410 saw mills Run out of wood The Cutover Landscape of thousands of trees cut down Jim Lane s Camp 1887 in Stillwater Minnesota Workers cut down trees to make money not for malice Process of the logs out of the woods Work in teams of 2 look for lean Less than 2 minutes to cut it down Very difficult and dangerous Pass the hat literally passed the hat and put money in to send back with bodies Bucking cutting the tree into logs Horses come in and move logs Skidding out to a main road on a bob sled This is where bob sledding in the Olympics comes from Log Bunk used on back of horses to move to prepare for loading Loading sleds for a trip to the landing These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Road sprinkler icing the roads nights and Sundays Logs head out to the landing next big phase 40 million logs Road Monkey put hay under sled so the sled doesn t run over the horses Motivated people and horses with food Horses given the best hay and molasses Took a lot of food to fuel the logging crews eating 8 000 12 000 calories Best cooks means best crew but the moto was eat and get out Not sanitary at all chewed tobacco on the floor Sunday was a day off wash up and play card games River Driver moved the logs across ponds and lakes Bateauk boats went ahead of logs to clear out river Wanigan boats boats with cooks Often ran into jams where logs filled the entire river Log Booms sorting by timber marks Organized Camps Camp Boss cook scaler cruiser saw filer blacksmith clerk cooks helpers woods crew The cooks were paid the most Trees get too big out west Old techniques aren t working Climb up tree and cut off the tree from the top Set up pulleys attached to spar tree steam engine used to run pulley system Called Skyline Logging Use Choker setters around the log to pull it down Shay locomotive used to transport logs Pushing logs up a 13 5 grade Highways around here are 5 grades Workers Chinese workers who built trans continental railroads 2 trillion board feet of wood used and taken from the forests Need for conservation Inexhaustibility At one point there was 65 million bison got down to 1 000 now 500 000 Came from 4 5 orphan calf s Passenger Pigeon 5 billion birds to 1 bird that died in 1914 Same kind of system with the wood we need conservation Null Hypothesis The assimilative capacity of the Earth is inexhaustible Alternate Hypothesis It is not inexhaustible and we should act accordingly